【名稱】
本公約締約國，
本公約締約國，
深切關注麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法生產、需求及販運的巨大規模和上升趨勢，構成了對人類健康和幸福的嚴重威脅，並對社會的經濟、文化及政治基礎帶來了不利的影響，
又深切關注麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法販運日益嚴重地侵蝕著社會的各類群體，特別是在世界許多地區，兒童被當成毒品消費者市場，並被利用進行麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法生產、分銷和買賣，從而造成嚴重到無法估量的危害，
認識到非法販運同其他與之有關的、有組織的犯罪活動結合在一起，損害著正當合法的經濟，危及各國的穩定、安全和主權，
又認識到非法販運是一種國際性犯罪活動，必須迫切注意並最高度重視對此種活動的取締，
意識到非法販運可獲得巨額利潤和財富，從而使跨國犯罪集團能夠滲透、污染和腐蝕各級政府機構、合法的商業和金融企業，以及社會各階層，
決心剝奪從事非法販運者從其犯罪活動中得到的收益，從而消除其從事此類販運活動的主要刺激因素，
希望消除濫用麻醉藥品和精神藥物問題的根源，包括對此類藥品和藥物的非法需求以及從非法販運獲得的巨額利潤，
認為有必要採取措施，監測某些用於製造麻醉藥品和精神藥物的物質，包括前體、化學品和溶劑，因為這些物質的方便獲取，已導致更為大量地秘密製造此類藥品和藥物，
決心改進國際合作，以制止海上非法販運，
認識到根除非法販運是所有國家的共同責任，為此，有必要在國際合作範圍內採取協調行動， 確認聯合國在麻醉藥品和精神藥物管制領域的主管職能，並希望與此類管制有關的國際機關均設於聯合國組織的範圍之內，
重申麻醉藥品和精神藥物領域現有各項條約的指導原則及其包含的管制制度，
確認有必要加強和補充《1961年麻醉品單一公約》、經由《修正1961年麻醉品單一公約的1972年議定書》修正的該公約和《1971年精神藥物公約》中規定的措施，以便對付非法販運的規模和程度及其嚴重後果，
又確認加強並增進國際刑事合作的有效法律手段，對於取締國際非法販運的犯罪活動具有重要意義，
願意締結一項專門針對非法販運的全面、有效和可行的國際公約，此公約顧及整個問題的各個方面，尤其是麻醉藥品和精神藥物領域現有的各項條約未曾設想到的那些方面，茲協議如下：
The Parties to this Convention,
Deeply concerned by the magnitude of and rising trend in the illicit production of, demand for and traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, which pose a serious threat to the health and welfare of human beings and adversely affect the economic, cultural and political foundations of society,
Deeply concerned also by the steadily increasing inroads into various social groups made by illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, and particularly by the fact that children are used in many parts of the world as an illicit drug consumers market and for purposes of illicit production, distribution and trade in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, which entails a danger of incalculable gravity,
Recognizing the links between illicit traffic and other related organized criminal activities which undermine the legitimate economies and threaten the stability, security and sovereignty of States,
Recognizing also that illicit traffic is an international criminal activity, the suppression of which demands urgent attention and the highest priority,
Aware that illicit traffic generates large financial profits and wealth enabling transnational criminal organizations to penetrate, contaminate and corrupt the structures of government, legitimate commercial and financial business, and society at all its levels,
Determined to deprive persons engaged in illicit traffic of the proceeds of their criminal activities and thereby eliminate their main incentive for so doing,
Desiring to eliminate the root causes of the problem of abuse of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, including the illicit demand for such drugs and substances and the enormous profits derived from illicit traffic,
Considering that measures are necessary to monitor certain substances, including precursors, chemicals and solvents, which are used in the manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, the ready availability of which has led to an increase in the clandestine manufacture of such drugs and substances,
Determined to improve international co-operation in the suppression of illicit traffic by sea,
Recognizing that eradication of illicit traffic is a collective responsibility of all States and that, to that end, co-ordinated action within the framework of international co-operation is necessary,
Acknowledging the competence of the United Nations in the field of control of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and desirous that the international organs concerned with such control should be within the framework of that Organization,
Reaffirming the guiding principles of existing treaties in the field of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and the system of control which they embody,
Recognizing the need to reinforce and supplement the measures provided in the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, that Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, and the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, in order to counter the magnitude and extent of illicit traffic and its grave consequences,
Recognizing also the importance of strengthening and enhancing effective legal means for international co-operation in criminal matters for suppressing the international criminal activities of illicit traffic,
Desiring to conclude a comprehensive, effective and operative international convention that is directed specifically against illicit traffic and that considers the various aspects of the problem as a whole, in particular those aspects not envisaged in the existing treaties in the field of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Hereby agree as follows：
除另有明文指出或上下文要求另作解釋者外，下列各項定義應適用於整個公約：
（a）「麻管局」係指《1961年麻醉品單一公約》及經《修正1961年麻醉品單一公約的1972年議定書》修正的該公約設立的國際麻醉品管制局；
（b）「大麻植物」係指大麻屬的任何植物；
（c）「古柯植物」係指紅木屬的任何一種植物；
（d）「商業承運人」係指為了報酬、租雇或任何其他利益而從事客運、貨運或郵件運送的任何個人或公營、私營或其他實體；
（e）「麻委會」係指聯合國經濟及社會理事會的麻醉藥品委員會；
（f）「沒收」係指由法院或其他主管當局下令對財產的永久剝奪；
（g）「控制下交付」係指一種技術，即在一國或多國的主管當局知情或監督下，允許貨物中非法或可疑的麻醉藥品、精神藥物、本公約表一和表二所列物質或它們的替代物質運出、通過或運入其領土，以期查明涉及按本公約第3條第1款確定的犯罪的人；
（h）「1961年公約」係指《1961年麻醉品單一公約》；
（i）「經修正的1961年公約」係指經《修正1961年麻醉品單一公約的1972年議定書》修正的《1961年麻醉品單一公約》；
（j）「1971年公約」係指《1971年精神藥物公約》；
（k）「理事會」係指聯合國經濟及社會理事會；
（l）「凍結」或「扣押」係指根據法院或主管當局下達的命令暫時禁止財產的轉讓、變換、處置或轉移，或對財產實行暫時性扣留或控制；
（m）「非法販運」係指本公約第3條第1款和第2款所列的犯罪；
（n）「麻醉藥品」係指《1961年麻醉品單一公約》及經《修正1961年麻醉品單一公約的1972年議定書》修正的該公約附表一和附表二所列的任何天然或合成物質；
（o）「罌粟」係指催眠性罌粟種的植物；
（p）「收益」系提直接或間接地通過按第3條第1款確定的犯罪而獲得或取得的任何財產；
（q）「財產」係指各種資產，不論其為物質的或非物質的、動產或非動產、有形的或無形的；以及證明對這種資產享有權利或利益的法律檔或文書；
（r）「精神藥物」係指《1971年精神藥物公約》附表一、二、三或四所列的任何天然或合成物質或任何天然材料；
（s）「秘書長」係指聯合國秘書長；
（t）「表一和表二」係指依此編號附於本公約後並按照第12條隨時修訂的物質清單；
（u）「過境國」係指既非原產地亦非最終目的地，而非法的麻醉藥品、精神藥物及表一和表二所列物質經由其領土轉移的國家。
Except where otherwise expressly indicated or where the context otherwise requires, the following definitions shall apply throughout this Convention：
（a）“Board” means the International Narcotics Control Board established by the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, and that Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（b）“Cannabis plant” means any plant of the genus Cannabis；
（c）“Coca bush” means the plant of any species of the genus Erythroxylon；
（d）“Commercial carrier” means any person or any public, private or other entity engaged in transporting persons, goods or mails for remuneration, hire or any other benefit；
（e）“Commission” means the Commission on Narcotic Drugs of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations；
（f）“Confiscation”, which includes forfeiture where applicable, means the permanent deprivation of property by order of a court or other competent authority；
（g）“Controlled delivery” means the technique of allowing illicit or suspect consignments of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, substances in Table I and Table II annexed to this Convention, or substances substituted for them, to pass out of, through or into the territory of one or more countries, with the knowledge and under the supervision of their competent authorities, with a view to identifying persons involved in the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1 of the Convention；
（h）“1961 Convention” means the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（i）“1961 Convention as amended” means the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（j）“1971 Convention” means the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971；
（k）“Council” means the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations；
（l）“Freezing” or “seizure” means temporarily prohibiting the transfer, conversion, disposition or movement of property or temporarily assuming custody or control of property on the basis of an order issued by a court or a competent authority；
（m）“Illicit traffic” means the offences set forth in article 3, paragraphs 1 and 2, of this Convention；
（n）“Narcotic drug” means any of the substances, natural or synthetic, in Schedules I and II of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, and that Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（o）“Opium poppy” means the plant of the species Papaver somniferum L；
（p）“Proceeds” means any property derived from or obtained, directly or indirectly, through the commission of an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
（q）“Property” means assets of every kind, whether corporeal or incorporeal, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible, and legal documents or instruments evidencing title to, or interest in, such assets；
（r）“Psychotropic substance” means any substance, natural or synthetic, or any natural material in Schedules I, II, III and IV of the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971；
（s）“Secretary-General” means the Secretary-General of the United Nations；
（t）“Table I” and “Table II” mean the correspondingly numbered lists of substances annexed to this Convention, as amended from time to time in accordance with article 12,
（u）“Transit State” means a State through the territory of which illicit narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II are being moved, which is neither the place of origin nor the place of ultimate destination thereof.
1.本公約的宗旨是促進締約國之間的合作，使它們可以更有效地對付國際範圍的非法販運麻醉藥品和精神藥物的各個方面。締約國在履行其按本公約所承擔的義務時，應根據其國內立法制度的基本規定，採取必要的措施，包括立法和行政措施。
2.締約國應以符合各國主權平等和領土完整以及不干涉別國內政原則的方式履行其按本公約所承擔的義務。
3.任一締約國不得在另一締約國的領土內行使由該另一締約國國內法律規定完全屬於該國當局的管轄權和職能。
1. The purpose of this Convention is to promote co-operation among the Parties so that they may address more effectively the various aspects of illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances having an international dimension. In carrying out their obligations under the Convention, the Parties shall take necessary measures, including legislative and administrative measures, in conformity with the fundamental provisions of their respective domestic legislative systems.
2. The Parties shall carry out their obligations under this Convention in a manner consistent with the principles of sovereign equality and territorial integrity of States and that of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of other States.
3. A Party shall not undertake in the territory of another Party the exercise of jurisdiction and performance of functions which are exclusively reserved for the authorities of that other Party by its domestic law.
1.各締約國應採取可能必要的措施將下列故意行為確定為其國內法中的刑事犯罪：
（a）（一）違反《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》或《1971年公約》的各項規定，生產、製造、提煉、配製、提供、兜售、分銷、出售、以任何條件交付、經紀、發送、過境發送、運輸、進口或出口任何麻醉藥品或精神藥物；
（二）違反《1961年公約》和經修正的《1961年公約》的各項規定，為生產麻醉藥品而種植罌粟、古柯或大麻植物；
（三）為了進行上述(一)目所列的任何活動，佔有或購買任何麻醉藥品或精神藥物；
（四）明知其用途或目的是非法種植、生產或製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物而製造、運輸或分銷設備、材料或表一和表二所列物質；
（五）組織、管理或資助上述(一)、(二)、(三)或(四)目所列的任何犯罪；
（b）（一）明知財產得自按本款（a）項確定的任何犯罪或參與此種犯罪的行為，為了隱瞞或掩飾該財產的非法來源，或為了協助任何涉及此種犯罪的人逃避其行為的法律後果而轉換或轉讓該財產；
（二）明知財產得自按本款（a）項確定的犯罪或參與此種犯罪的行為，隱瞞或掩飾該財產的真實性質、來源、所在地、處置、轉移、相關的權利或所有權；
（c）在不違背其憲法原則及其法律制度基本概念的前提下，
（一）在收取財產時明知財產得自按本款（a）項確定的犯罪或參與此種犯罪的行為而獲取、佔有或使用該財產；
（二）明知其被用於或將用於非法種植、生產或製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物而佔有設備、材料或表一和表二所列物質；
（三）以任何手段公開鼓動或引誘他人去犯按照本條確定的任何罪行或非法使用麻醉藥品或精神藥物；
（四）參與進行，合夥或共謀進行，進行未遂，以及幫助、教唆、便利和參謀進行按本條確定的任何犯罪。
2.各締約國應在不違背其憲法原則和法律制度基本概念的前提下，採取可能必要的措施，在其國內法中將違反《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》或《1971年公約》的各項規定，故意佔有、購買或種植麻醉藥品或精神藥物以供個人消費的行為，確定為刑事犯罪。
3.構成本條第1款所列罪行的知情、故意或目的等要素，可根據客觀事實情況加以判斷。
4.（a）各締約國應使按本條第1款確定的犯罪受到充分顧及這些罪行的嚴重性質的制裁，諸如監禁或以其他形式剝奪自由，罰款和沒收。
（b）締約國還可規定除進行定罪或懲罰外，對犯有按本條第1款確定的罪行的罪犯採取治療、教育、善後護理、康復或回歸社會等措施。
（c）儘管有以上各項規定，在性質輕微的適當案件中，締約國可規定作為定罪或懲罰的替代辦法，採取諸如教育、康復或回歸社會等措施，如罪犯為嗜毒者，還可採取治療或善後護理等措施。
（d）締約國對於按本條第2款確定的犯罪，可以規定對罪犯採取治療、教育、善後護理、康復或回歸社會的措施，以作為定罪或懲罰的替代辦法，或作為定罪或懲罰的補充。
5.締約國應確保其法院和擁有管轄權的其他主管當局能夠考慮使按照第1款所確定的犯罪構成特別嚴重犯罪的事實情況，例如：
（a）罪犯所屬的有組織的犯罪集團涉及該項犯罪；
（b）罪犯涉及其他國際上有組織的犯罪活動；
（c）罪犯涉及由此項犯罪所便利的其他非法活動；
（d）罪犯使用暴力或武器；
（e）罪犯擔任公職，且其所犯罪行與該公職有關；
（f）危害或利用未成年人；
（g）犯罪發生在監禁管教場所，或教育機構或社會服務場所，或在緊鄰這些場所的地方，或在學童和學生進行教育、體育或社會活動的其他地方；
（h）以前在國外或國內曾被判罪，特別是類似的犯罪，但以締約國國內法所允許的程度為限。
6.締約國為起訴犯有按本條確定的罪行的人而行使其國內法規定的法律裁量權時，應努力確保對這些罪行的執法措施取得最大成效，並適當考慮到需要對此種犯罪起到威懾作用。
7.締約國應確保其法院或其他主管當局對於已判定犯有本條第1款所列罪行的人，在考慮其將來可能的早釋或假釋時，顧及這種罪行的嚴重性質和本條第5款所列的情況。
8.各締約國應酌情在其國內法中對於按本條第1款確定的任何犯罪，規定一個長的追訴時效期限，當被指稱的罪犯已逃避司法處置時，期限應更長。
9.各締約國應採取符合其法律制度的適當措施，確保在其領土內發現的被指控或被判定犯有按本條第1款確定的罪行的人，能在必要的刑事訴訟中出庭。
10.為了締約國之間根據本公約進行合作，特別包括根據第5、6、7和9條進行合作，在不影響締約國的憲法限制和基本的國內法的情況下，凡依照本條確定的犯罪均不得視為經濟犯罪或政治犯罪或認為是出於政治動機。
11.本條規定不得影響其所述犯罪和有關的法律辯護理由只應由締約國的國內法加以闡明以及此種犯罪應依該法予以起訴和懲罰的原則。
1. Each Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences under its domestic law, when committed intentionally：
（a）i）The production, manufacture, extraction； preparation, offering, offering for sale, distribution, sale, delivery on any terms whatsoever, brokerage, dispatch, dispatch in transit, transport, importation or exportation of any narcotic drug or any psychotropic substance contrary to the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended or the 1971 Convention；
（ii）The cultivation of opium poppy, coca bush or cannabis plant for the purpose of the production of narcotic drugs contrary to the provisions of the 1961 Convention and the 1961 Convention as amended；
（iii）The possession or purchase of any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance for the purpose of any of the activities enumerated in i）above；
（iv）The manufacture, transport or distribution of equipment, materials or of substances listed in Table I and Table II, knowing that they are to be used in or for the illicit cultivation, production or manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances；
（v）The organization, management or financing of any of the offences enumerated in i）, ii）, iii）or iv）above；
（b）i）The conversion or transfer of property, knowing that such property is derived from any offence or offences established in accordance with subparagraph a）of this paragraph, or from an act of participation in such offence or offences, for the purpose of concealing or disguising the illicit origin of the property or of assisting any person who is involved in the commission of such an offence or offences to evade the legal consequences of his actions；
（ii）The concealment or disguise of the true nature, source, location, disposition, movement, rights with respect to, or ownership of property, knowing that such property is derived from an offence or offences established in accordance with subparagraph a）of this paragraph or from an act of participation in such an offence or offences；
（c）Subject to its constitutional principles and the basic concepts of its legal system：
（i）The acquisition, possession or use of property, knowing, at the time of receipt, that such property was derived from an offence or offences established in accordance with subparagraph a）of this paragraph or from an act of participation in such offence or offences；
（ii）The possession of equipment or materials or substances listed in Table I and Table II, knowing that they are being or are to be used in or for the illicit cultivation, production or
（iii）Publicly inciting or inducing others, by any means, to commit any of the offences established in accordance with this article or to use narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances illicitly；
（iv）Participation in, association or conspiracy to commit, attempts to commit and aiding, abetting, facilitating and counselling the commission of any of the offences established in accordance with this article.
2. Subject to its constitutional principles and the basic concepts of its legal system, each Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence under its domestic law, when committed intentionally, the possession, purchase or cultivation of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances for personal consumption contrary to the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended or the 1971 Convention.
3. Knowledge, intent or purpose required as an element of an offence set forth in paragraph 1 of this article may be inferred from objective factual circumstances.
4. a）Each Party shall make the commission of the offences established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article liable to sanctions which take into account the grave nature of these offences, such as imprisonment or other forms of deprivation of liberty, pecuniary sanctions and confiscation.
（b）The Parties may provide, in addition to conviction or punishment, for an offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, that the offender shall undergo measures such as treatment, education, aftercare, rehabilitation or social reintegration.
（c）Notwithstanding the preceding subparagraphs, in appropriate cases of a minor nature, the Parties may provide, as alternatives to conviction or punishment, measures such as education, rehabilitation or social reintegration, as well as, when the offender is a drug abuser, treatment and aftercare.
（d）The Parties may provide, either as an alternative to conviction or punishment, or in addition to conviction or punishment of an offence established in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article, measures for the treatment, education, aftercare, rehabilitation or social reintegration of the offender.
5. The Parties shall ensure that their courts and other competent authorities having jurisdiction can take into account factual circumstances which make the commission of the offences established in accordance with paragraph l of this article particularly serious, such as：
（a）The involvement in the offence of an organized criminal group to which the offender belongs；
（b）The involvement of the offender in other international organized criminal activities；
（c）The involvement of the offender in other illegal activities facilitated by commission of the offence；
（d）The use of violence or arms by the offender；
（e）The fact that the offender holds a public office and that the offence is connected with the office in question；
（f）The victimization or use of minors；
（g）The fact that the offence is committed in a penal institution or in an educational institution or social service facility or in their immediate vicinity or in other places to which school children and students resort for educational, sports and social activities；
（h）Prior conviction, particularly for similar offences, whether foreign or domestic, to the extent permitted under the domestic law of a Party.
6. The Parties shall endeavour to ensure that any discretionary legal powers under their domestic law relating to the prosecution of persons for offences established in accordance with this article are exercised to maximize the effectiveness of law enforcement measures in respect of those offences, and with due regard to the need to deter the commission of such offences.
7. The Parties shall, ensure that their courts or other competent authorities bear in mind the serious nature of the offences enumerated in paragraph l of this article and the circumstances enumerated in paragraph 5 of this article when considering the eventuality of early release or parole of persons convicted of such offences.
8. Each Party shall, where appropriate, establish under its domestic law a long statute of limitations period in which to commence proceedings for any offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, and a longer period where the alleged offender has evaded the administration of justice.
9. Each Party shall take appropriate measures, consistent with its legal system, to ensure that a person charged with or convicted of an offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, who is found within its territory, is present at the necessary criminal proceedings.
10. For the purpose of co-operation among the Parties under this Convention, including, in particular, co-operation under articles 5, 6, 7 and 9, offences established in accordance with this article shall not be considered as fiscal offences or as political offences or regarded as politically motivated, without prejudice to the constitutional limitations and the fundamental domestic law of the Parties.
11. Nothing contained in this article shall affect the principle that the description of the offences to which it refers and of legal defences thereto is reserved to the domestic law of a Party and that such offences shall be prosecuted and punished in conformity with that law.
1.各締約國：
（a）在遇到下述情況時，應採取可能必要的措施，對其按第3條第1款確定的犯罪，確立本國的管轄權：
（一）犯罪發生在其領土內；
（二）犯罪發生在犯罪時懸掛其國旗的船隻或按其法律註冊的飛行器上；
（b）在遇到下述情況時，可採取可能必要的措施，對其按第3條第1款確定的犯罪，確立本國的管轄權：
（一）進行該犯罪的人為本國國民或在其領土內有慣常居所者；
（二）犯罪發生在該締約國已獲授權按第17條規定對之採取適當行動的船舶上，但這種管轄權只應根據該條第4和第9款所述協定或安排行使；
（三）該犯罪屬於按第3條第1款（c）項(四)目確定的罪行之一，並發生在本國領土外，而目的是在其領土內進行按第3條第1款確定的某項犯罪。
2.各締約國：
（a）當被指控的罪犯在其領土內，並且基於下述理由不把他引渡到另一締約國時，也應採取可能必要的措施，對其按第3條第1款確定的犯罪，確立本國的管轄權：
（一）犯罪發生在其領土內或發生在犯罪時懸掛其國旗的船隻或按其法律註冊的飛行器上；或
（二）進行犯罪的人為本國國民；
（b）當被指控的罪犯在其領土內，並且不把他引渡到另一締約國時，也可採取可能必要的措施，對其按第3條第1款確定的犯罪，確立本國的管轄權。
3.本公約不排除任一締約國行使按照其國內法確立的任刑事管轄權。
1. Each Party：
(a)Shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when：
(i)The offence is committed in its territory；
(ii)The offence is committed on board a vessel flying its flag or an aircraft which is registered under its laws at the time the offence is committed；
(b)May take such measures as maybe necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when：
(i)The offence is committed by one of its nationals or by a person who has his habitual residence in its territory；
(ii)The offence is committed on board a vessel concerning which that Party has been authorized to take appropriate action pursuant to article 17, provided that such jurisdiction shall be exercised only on the basis of agreements or arrangements referred to in paragraphs 4 and 9 of that article；
(iii)The offence is one of those established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, subparagraph c)iv), and is committed outside its territory with a view to the commission, within its territory, of an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Each Party：
(a)Shall also take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when the alleged offender is present in its territory and it does not extradite him to another Party on the ground：
(i)That the offence has been committed in its territory or on board a vessel flying its flag or an aircraft which was registered under its law at the time the offence was committed； or
(ii)That the offence has been committed by one of its nationals；
(b)May also take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when the alleged offender is present in its territory and it does not extradite him to another Party.
3. This Convention does not exclude the exercise of any criminal jurisdiction established by a Party in accordance with its domestic law.
1.各締約國應制定可能必要的措施以便能夠沒收：
（a）從按第3條第1款確定的犯罪中得來的收益或價值相當於此種收益的財產；
（b）已經或意圖以任何方式用於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的麻醉藥品和精神藥物、材料和設備或其他工具。
2.各締約國還應制定可能必要的措施，使其主管當局得以識別、追查和凍結或扣押本條第1款所述的收益、財產、工具或任何其他物品，以便最終予以沒收。
3.為執行本條所述的措施，各締約國應授權其法院或其他主管當局下令提供或扣押銀行記錄、財務記錄或商業記錄。任一締約國不得以保守銀行秘密為由拒絕按照本款的規定採取行動。
4.（a）在接到對按第3條第1款確定的某項犯罪擁有管轄權的另一締約國依本條規定提出的請求後，本條第1款所述收益、財產、工具或任何其他物品在其領土內的締約國應：
（一）將該項請求提交其主管當局，以便取得沒收令，如此項命令已經發出，則應予以執行；或
（二）將請求國按本條第1款規定對存在於被請求國領土內的第1款所述收益、財產、工具或任何其他物品發出的沒收令提交其主管當局，以便在請求的範圍內予以執行。
（b）在接到對按第3條第1款確定的某項犯罪擁有管轄權的另一締約國依本條規定提出的請求後，被請求國應採取措施識別、追查和凍結或扣押本條第1款所述的收益、財產、工具或任何其他物品，以便由請求國，或根據依本款（a）項規定提出的請求，由被請求國下令最終予沒收。
（c）被請求國按本款（a）項和（b）項規定作出決定或採取行動，均應符合並遵守其國內法的規定及其程式規則或可能約束其與請求國關係的任何雙邊或多邊條約、協定或安排。
（d）第7條第6至19款的規定可以比照適用。除第7條第10款所列情況外，按本條規定提出的請求書還應包含以下各項：
（一）如系按（a）項(一)目提出的請求，須附有足夠的對擬予沒收的財產的說明和請求國所依據的事實的陳述，以便被請求國能夠根據其國內法取得沒收令；
（二）如系按（a）項(二)目提出的請求，須附有該請求所依據的、由請求國發出的、法律上可接受的沒收令副本，事實的陳述，和關於請求執行該沒收令的範圍的說明；
（三）如系按（b）項提出的請求，須附有請求國所依據的事實的陳述和對所請求採取的行動的說明。
（e）各締約國應向秘書長提供本國有關實施本款的任何法律和條例的文本以及這些法律和條例此後的任何修改文本。
（f）如某一締約國要求採取本款（a）項和（b）項所述措施必須以存在一項有關的條約為條件，則該締約國應將本公約視為必要而充分的條約依據。
（g）締約國應謀求締結雙邊和多邊條約、協定或安排，以增強根據本條進行的國際合作的有效性。
5.（a）締約國按照本條第1款或第4款的規定所沒收的收益或財產，應由該締約國按照其國內法和行政程式加以處理。
（b）締約國按本條規定依另一締約國的請求採取行動時，該締約國可特別考慮就下述事項締結協定：
（一）將這類收益和財產的價值，或變賣這類收益或財產所得的款項，或其中相當一部分，捐給專門從事打擊非法販運及濫用麻醉藥品和精神藥物的政府間機構；
（二）按照本國法律行政程式或專門締結的雙邊或多邊協定，定期地或逐案地與其他締約國分享這類收益或財產或由變賣這類收益或財產所得的款項。
6.（a）如果收益已轉化或變換成其他財產，則應將此種財產視為收益的替代，對其採取本條所述的措施。
（b）如果收益已與得自合法來源的財產相混合，則在不損害任何扣押權或凍結權的情況下，應沒收此混合財產，但以不超過所混合的該項收益的估計價值為限。
（c）對從下述來源取得的收入或其他利益：
（一）收益；
（二）由收益轉化或變換成的財產；或
（三）已與收益相混合的財產，也應採取本條所述措施，在方式和程度上如同對待收益一樣。
7.各締約國可考慮確保關於指稱的收益或應予沒收的其他財產的合法來源的舉證責任可予顛倒，但這種行動應符合其國內法的原則和司法及其他程式的性質。
8.本條各項規定不得解釋為損害善意第三方的權利。
9.本條任何規定均不得影響其所述措施應依締約國的國內法並在該法規定的條件下加以確定和實施的原則。
1. Each Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to enable confiscation of：
(a)Proceeds derived from offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, or property the value of which corresponds to that of such proceeds；
(b)Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, materials and equipment or other instrumentalities used in or intended for use in any manner in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Each Party shall also adopt such measures as may be necessary to enable its competent authorities to identify, trace, and freeze or seize proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph 1 of this article, for the purpose of eventual confiscation.
3. In order to carry out the measures referred to in this article, each Party shall empower its courts or other competent authorities to order that bank, financial or commercial records be made available or be seized. A Party shall not decline to act under the provisions of this paragraph on the ground of bank secrecy.
4. (a)Following a request made pursuant to this article by another Party having jurisdiction over an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, the Party in whose territory proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph 1 of this article are situated shall：
(i)Submit the request to its competent authorities for the purpose of obtaining an order of confiscation and, if such order is granted, give effect to it； or
(ii)Submit to its competent authorities, with a view to giving effect to it to the extent requested, an order of confiscation issued by the requesting Party in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, in so far as it relates to proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph 1 situated in the territory of the requested Party.
(b)Following a request made pursuant to this article by another Party having jurisdiction over an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, the requested Party shall take measures to identify, trace, and freeze or seize proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph l of this article for the purpose of eventual confiscation to be ordered either by the requesting Party or, pursuant to a request under subparagraph a)of this paragraph, by the requested Party.
(c)The decisions or actions provided for in subparagraphs a)and b)of this paragraph shall be taken by the requested Party, in accordance with and subject to the provisions of its domestic law and its procedural rules or any bilateral or multilateral treaty, agreement or arrangement to which it may be bound in relation to the requesting Party.
(d)The provisions of article 7, paragraphs 6 to 19 are applicable mutatis mutandis. In addition to the information specified in article 7, paragraph 10, requests made pursuant to this article shall contain the following：
(i)In the case of a request pertaining to subparagraph a)i)of this paragraph, a description of the property to be confiscated and a statement of the facts relied upon by the requesting Party sufficient to enable the requested Party to seek the order under its domestic law；
(ii)In the case of a request pertaining to subparagraph a)ii), a legally admissible copy of an order of confiscation issued by the requesting Party upon which the request is based, a statement of the facts and information as to the extent to which the execution of the order is requested；
(iii)In the case of a request pertaining to subparagraph b), a statement of the facts relied upon by the requesting Party and a description of the actions requested.
(e)Each Party shall furnish to the Secretary-General the text of any of its laws and regulations which give effect to this paragraph and the text of any subsequent changes to such laws and regulations.
(f)If a Party elects to make the taking of the measures referred to in subparagraphs a)and b)of this paragraph conditional on the existence of a relevant treaty, that Party shall consider this Convention as the necessary and sufficient treaty basis.
(g)The Parties shall seek to conclude bilateral and multilateral treaties, agreements or arrangements to enhance the effectiveness of international co-operation pursuant to this article.
5. (a)Proceeds or property confiscated by a Party pursuant to paragraph 1 or paragraph 4 of this article shall be disposed of by that Party according to its domestic law and administrative procedures.
(b)When acting on the request of another Party in accordance with this article, a Party may give special consideration to concluding agreements on：
(i)Contributing the value of such proceeds and property, or funds derived from the sale of such proceeds or property, or a substantial part thereof, to intergovernmental bodies specializing in the fight against illicit traffic in and abuse of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances；
(ii)Sharing with other Parties, on a regular or case-by-case basis, such proceeds or property, or funds derived from the sale of such proceeds or property, in accordance with its domestic law, administrative procedures or bilateral or multilateral agreements entered into for this purpose.
6.(a)If proceeds have been transformed or converted into other property, such property shall be liable to the measures referred to in this article instead of the proceeds.
(b)If proceeds have been intermingled with property acquired from legitimate sources, such property shall, without prejudice to any powers relating to seizure or freezing, be liable to confiscation up to the assessed value of the intermingled proceeds. c)Income or other benefits derived from：
(i)Proceeds；
(ii)Property into which proceeds have been transformed or converted； or
(iii)Property with which proceeds have been intermingled shall also be liable to the measures referred to in this article, in the same manner and to the same extent as proceeds.
7. Each Party may consider ensuring that the onus of proof be reversed regarding the lawful origin of alleged proceeds or other property liable to confiscation, to the extent that such action is consistent with the principles of its domestic law and with the nature of the judicial and other proceedings.
8. The provisions of this article shall not be construed as prejudicing the rights of bona fide third parties.
9. Nothing contained in this article shall affect the principle that the measures to which it refers shall be defined and implemented in accordance with and subject to the provisions of the domestic law of a Party.
1.本條應適用於締約國按照第3條第1款所確定的犯罪。
2.本條適用的各項犯罪均應視為締約國之間現行的任何引渡條約應予包括的可引渡的犯罪。各締約國承諾將此種犯罪作為可予引渡的犯罪列入它們之間將要締結的每一引渡條約之中。
3.如某一締約國要求引渡須以存在有一項條約為條件，在接到與之未訂有引渡條約的另一締約國的引渡請求時，它可將本公約視為就本條適用的任何犯罪進行引渡的法律依據。締約國若需具體立法才能將本公約當作引渡的法律依據，則應考慮制定可能必要的立法。
4.不以存在一項條約為引渡條件的締約國應承認本條所適用的犯罪為其相互間可予引渡的犯罪。
5.引渡應遵守被請求國法律或適用的引渡條約所規定的條件，包括被請求國可拒以拒絕引渡的理由。
6.被請求國在考慮根據本條提出的請求時，如果有充分理由使其司法或其他主管當局認為按該請求行事就會便利對任何人因其種族、宗教、國籍或政治觀點進行起訴或懲罰，或使受該請求影響的任何人由於上述任一原因而遭受損害，則可拒絕按該請求行事。
7.對於本條所適用的任何犯罪，締約國應努力加快引渡程式並簡化對有關證據的要求。
8.被請求國在不違背其國內法及其引渡條約各項規定的前提下，可在認定情況必要且緊迫時，應請求國的請求，將被要求引渡且在其領土上的人予以拘留，或採取其他適當措施，以確保該人在進行引渡程式時在場。
9.在不影響行使按照其國內法確立的任何刑事管轄權的情況下，在其領土內發現被指控的犯罪的締約國，（a）如果基於第4條第2款（a）項所列理由不引渡犯有按第3條第1款確定的罪行的人，則應將此案提交其主管當局以便起訴，除非與請求國另有協議；
（b）如果不引渡犯有此種罪行的人並按第4條第2款（b）項規定對此種犯罪確立其管轄權，則應將此案提交其主管當局以便起訴，除非請求國為保留其合法管轄權而另有請求。
10.為執行一項刑罰而要求的引渡，如果由於所要引渡的人為被請求國的國民而遭到拒絕，被請求國應在其法律允許並且符合該法律的要求的情況下，根據請求國的申請，考慮執行按請求國法律判處的該項刑罰或未滿的刑期。
11.各締約國應謀求締結雙邊和多邊協定以執行引渡或加強引渡的有效性。
12.締約國可考慮訂立雙邊或多邊協定，不論是特別的或一般的協定，將由於犯有本條適用的罪行而被判處監禁或以其他形式剝奪自由的人移交其本國，使他們可在那裏服滿其刑期。
1. This article shall apply to the offences established by the Parties in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Each of the offences to which this article applies shall be deemed to be included as an extraditable offence in any extradition treaty existing between Parties. The Parties undertake to include such offences as extraditable offences in every extradition treaty to be concluded between them.
3. If a Party which makes extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty receives a request for extradition from another Party with which it has no extradition treaty, it may consider this Convention as the legal basis for extradition in respect of any offence to which this article applies. The Parties which require detailed legislation in order to use this Convention as a legal basis for extradition shall consider enacting such legislation as may be necessary.
4. The Parties which do not make extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty shall recognize offences to which this article applies as extraditable offences between themselves.
5. Extradition shall be subject to the conditions provided for by the law of the requested Party or by applicable extradition treaties, including the grounds upon which the requested Party may refuse extradition.
6. In considering requests received pursuant to this article, the requested State may refuse to comply with such requests where there are substantial grounds leading its judicial or other competent authorities to believe that compliance would facilitate the prosecution or punishment of any person on account of his race, religion, nationality or political opinions, or would cause prejudice for any of those reasons to any person affected by the request.
7. The Parties shall endeavour to expedite extradition procedures and to simplify evidentiary requirements relating thereto in respect of any offence to which this article applies.
8. Subject to the provisions of its domestic law and its extradition treaties, the requested Party may, upon being satisfied that the circumstances so warrant and are urgent, and at the request of the requesting Party, take a person whose extradition is sought and who is present in its territory into custody or take other appropriate measures to ensure his presence at extradition proceedings. 7
9. Without prejudice to the exercise of any criminal jurisdiction established in accordance with its domestic law, a Party in whose territory an alleged offender is found shall：
(a)If it does not extradite him in respect of an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph l, on the grounds set forth in article 4, paragraph 2, subparagraph a), submit the case to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution, unless otherwise agreed with the requesting Party；
(b)If it does not extradite him in respect of such an offence and has established its jurisdiction in relation to that offence in accordance with article 4, paragraph 2, subparagraph b), submit the case to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution, unless otherwise requested by the requesting Party for the purposes of preserving its legitimate jurisdiction.
10. If extradition, sought for purposes of enforcing a sentence, is refused because the person sought is a national of the requested Party, the requested Party shall, if its law so permits and in conformity with the requirements of such law, upon application of the requesting Party, consider, the enforcement of the sentence which has been imposed under the law of the requesting Party, or the remainder thereof.
11. The Parties shall seek to conclude bilateral and multilateral agreements to carry out or to enhance the effectiveness of extradition.
12. The Parties may consider entering into bilateral or multilateral agreements, whether ad hoc or general, on the transfer to their country of persons sentenced to imprisonment and other forms of deprivation of liberty for offences to which this article applies, in order that they may complete their sentences there.
1.締約國應遵照本條規定，在對於按第3條第1款所確定的刑事犯罪進行的調查、起訴和司法程式中相互提供最廣泛的法律協助。
2.按照本條規定，可為下列任何目的提出相互法律協助的請求：
（a）獲取證據或個人證詞；
（b）送達司法檔；
（c）執行搜查及扣押；
（d）檢查物品和現場；
（e）提供情報和證物；
（f）提供有關檔及記錄的原件或經證明的副本，其中包括銀行、財務、公司或營業記錄；
（g）識別或追查收益、財產、工具或其他物品，以作為證據。
3.締約國可相互提供被請求國國內法所允許的任何其他形式的相互法律協助。
4.締約國應根據請求，在符合其國內法律和實踐的範圍內，便利或鼓勵那些同意協助調查或參與訴訟的人員，包括在押人員，出庭或在場。
5.締約國不得以保守銀行秘密為由拒絕提供本條規定的相互法律協助。
6.本條各項規定不得影響依任何其他全部或局部規範或將規範相互刑事法律協助問題的雙邊或多邊條約所承擔的義務。
7.本條第8至19款應適用於有關締約國不受一項相互法律協助條約約束時根據本條規定提出的請求。如果上述締約國受此類條約約束，則該條約相應條款應予適用，除非締約國同意適用本條第8至19款以取代之。
8.締約國應指定一個當局或在必要時指定若干當局，使之負責和有權執行關於相互法律協助的請求或將該請求轉交主管當局加以執行。應將為此目的指定的當局通知秘書長。相互法律協助請求的傳遞以及與此有關的任何聯繫均應通過締約國指定的當局進行；這一要求不得損害締約國要求通過外交管道以及在緊急和可能的情況下，經有關締約國同意，通過國際刑警組織管道傳遞這種請求和進行這種聯繫的權利。
9.請求應以被請求國能接受的語文書面提出。各締約國所能接受的語文應通知秘書長。在緊急情況下，如有關締約國同意，這種請求可以口頭方式提出，但應儘快加以書面確認。
10.相互法律協助的請求書應載有：
（a）提出請求的當局的身份；
（b）請求所涉的調查、起訴或訴訟的事由和性質，以及進行此項調查、起訴或訴訟的當局的名稱和職能；
（c）有關事實的概述，但為送達司法文件提出的請求除外；
（d）對請求協助的事項和請求國希望遵循的特殊程式細節的說明；
（e）可能時，任何有關人員的身份、所在地和國籍；
（f）索取證據、情報或要求採取行動的目的。
11.被請求國可要求提供補充情報，如果這種情報系按照其國內法執行該請求所必需或有助於執行該請求。
12.請求應根據被請求國的國內法予以執行。在不違反被請求國國內法的情況下，如有可能，還應遵循請求書中列明的程式。
13.請求國如事先未經被請求國同意，不得將被請求國提供的情報或證據轉交或用於請求書所述以外的調查、起訴或訴訟。
14.請求國可要求被請求國，除非為執行請求所必需，應對請求一事及其內容保密。如果被請求國不能遵守這一保密要求，它應立即通知請求國。
15.在下列情況下可拒絕提供相互法律協助：
（a）請求未按本條規定提出；
（b）被請求國認為執行請求可能損害其主權、安全、公共秩序或其他基本利益；
（c）若被請求國當局依其管轄權對任何類似犯罪進行調查、起訴或訴訟時，其國內法禁止執行對此類犯罪採取被請求的行動；
（d）同意此項請求將違反被請求國關於相互法律協助的法律制度。
16.拒絕相互協助時，應說明理由。
17.相互法律協助可因與正在進行的調查、起訴或訴訟發生衝突而暫緩進行。在此情況下，被請求國應與請求國磋商，以決定是否可按被請求國認為必要的條件提供協助。
18.同意到請求國就一項訴訟作證或對一項調查、起訴或司法程式提供協助的證人、專家或其他人員，不應由於其離開被請求國領土之前的行為、不行為或定罪而在請求國領土內受到起訴、拘禁、懲罰或對其人身自由施加任何其他限制。如該證人或專家或個人已得到正式通知，司法當局不再需要其到場，自通知之日起連續十五天或在締約國所議定的任何期限內有機會離開，但仍自願留在該國境內，或在離境後又出於自己的意願返回，則此項安全保障即予停止。
19.執行請求的一般費用應由被請求國承擔，除非有關締約國另有協議。如執行該請求需支付巨額或特殊性質的費用，有關締約國應相互協商，以確定執行該請求的條件以及承擔費用的辦法。
20.締約國應視需要考慮締結旨在實現本條目的、具體實施或加強本條規定的雙邊或多邊協定或安排的可能性。
1. The Parties shall afford one another, pursuant to this article, the widest measure of mutual legal assistance in investigations, prosecutions and judicial proceedings in relation to criminal offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Mutual legal assistance to be afforded in accordance with this article may be requested for any of the following purposes：
(a)Taking evidence or statements from persons；
(b)Effecting service of judicial documents；
(c)Executing searches and seizures；
(d)Examining objects and sites；
(e)Providing information and evidentiary items；
(f)Providing originals or certified copies of relevant documents and records, including bank, financial, corporate or business records；
(g)Identifying or tracing proceeds, property, instrumentalities or other things for evidentiary purposes.
3. The Parties may afford one another any other forms of mutual legal assistance allowed by the domestic law of the requested Party.
4. Upon request, the Parties shall facilitate or encourage, to the extent consistent with their domestic law and practice, the presence or availability of persons, including persons in custody, who consent to assist in investigations or participate in proceedings.
5. A Party shall not decline to render mutual legal assistance under this article on the ground of bank secrecy.
6. The provisions of this article shall not affect the obligations under any other treaty, bilateral or multilateral, which governs or will govern, in whole or in part, mutual legal assistance in criminal matters.
7. Paragraphs 8 to 19 of this article shall apply to requests made pursuant to this article if the Parties in question are not bound by a treaty of mutual legal assistance. If these Parties are bound by such a treaty, the corresponding provisions of that treaty shall apply unless the Parties agree to apply paragraphs 8 to 19 of this article in lieu thereof.
8. Parties shall designate an authority, or when necessary authorities, which shall have the responsibility and power to execute requests for mutual legal assistance or to transmit them to the competent authorities for execution. The authority or the authorities designated for this purpose shall be notified to the Secretary-General. Transmission of requests for mutual legal assistance and any communication related thereto shall be effected between the authorities designated by the Parties； this requirement shall be without prejudice to the right of a Party to require that such requests and communications be addressed to it through the diplomatic channel and, in urgent circumstances, where the Parties agree, through channels of the International Criminal Police Organization, if possible.
9. Requests shall be made in writing in a language acceptable to the requested Party. The language or languages acceptable to each Party shall be notified to the Secretary-General. In urgent circumstances, and where agreed by the Parties, requests may be made orally, but shall be confirmed in writing forthwith.
10. A request for mutual legal assistance shall contain：
(a)The identity of the authority making the request；
(b)The subject matter and nature of the investigation, prosecution or proceeding to which the request relates, and the name and the functions of the authority conducting such investigation, prosecution or proceeding；
(c)A summary of the relevant facts, except in respect of requests for the purpose of service of judicial documents；
(d)A description of the assistance sought and details of any particular procedure the requesting Party wishes to be followed；
(e)Where possible, the identity, location and nationality of any person concerned；
(f)The purpose for which the evidence, information or action is sought.
11. The requested Party may request additional information when it appears necessary for the execution of the request in accordance with its domestic law or when it can facilitate such execution.
12. A request shall be executed in accordance with the domestic law of the requested Party and, to the extent not contrary to the domestic law of the requested Party and where possible, in accordance with the procedures specified in the request.
13. The requesting Party shall not transmit nor use information or evidence furnished by the requested Party for investigations, prosecutions or proceedings other than those stated in the request without the prior consent of the requested Party.
14. The requesting Party may require that the requested Party keep confidential the fact and substance of the request, except to the extent necessary to execute the request. If the requested Party cannot comply with the requirement of confidentiality, it shall promptly inform the requesting Party.
15. Mutual legal assistance may be refused：
(a)If the request is not made in conformity with the provisions of this article；
(b)If the requested Party considers that execution of the request is likely to prejudice its sovereignty, security, ordre public or other essential interests；
(c)If the authorities of the requested Party would be prohibited by its domestic law from carrying out the action requested with regard to any similar offence, had it been subject to investigation, prosecution or proceedings under their own jurisdiction；
(d)If it would be contrary to the legal system of the requested Party relating to mutual legal assistance for the request to be granted.
16. Reasons shall be given for any refusal of mutual legal assistance.
17. Mutual legal assistance may be postponed by the requested Party on the ground that it interferes with an ongoing investigation, prosecution or proceeding. In such a case, the requested Party shall consult with the requesting Party to determine if the assistance can still be given subject to such terms and conditions as the requested Party deems necessary.
18. A witness, expert or other person who consents to give evidence in a proceeding or to assist in an investigation, prosecution or judicial proceeding in the territory of the requesting Party, shall not be prosecuted, detained, punished or subjected to any other restriction of his personal liberty in that territory in respect of acts, omissions or convictions prior to his departure from the territory of the requested Party. Such safe conduct shall cease when the witness, expert or other person having had, for a period of fifteen consecutive days, or for any period agreed upon by the Parties, from the date on which 9he has been officially informed that his presence is no longer required by the judicial authorities, an opportunity of leaving, has nevertheless remained voluntarily in the territory or, having left it, has returned of his own free will.
19. The ordinary costs of executing a request shall be borne by the requested Party, unless otherwise agreed by the Parties concerned. If expenses of a substantial or extraordinary nature are or will be required to fulfil the request, the Parties shall consult to determine the terms and conditions under which the request will be executed as well as the manner in which the costs shall be borne.
20. The Parties shall consider, as may be necessary, the possibility of concluding bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements that would serve the purposes of, give practical effect to, or enhance the provisions of this article.
締約國應考慮對於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的刑事起訴相互移交訴訟的可能性，如果此種移交被認為有利於適當的司法處置。
The Parties shall give consideration to the possibility of transferring to one another proceedings for criminal prosecution of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, in cases where such transfer is considered to be in the interests of a proper administration of justice.
1.締約國應在符合其各自國內法律和行政制度的情況下，相互密切合作，以期增強為制止按第3條第1款確定的犯罪而採取的執法行動的有效性。締約國特別應根據雙邊或多邊的協定或安排：
（a）建立並保持其主管機構和部門之間的聯繫管道，以利於安全而迅速地交換關於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪各個方面的情報，如有關締約國認為適當，包括與其他犯罪活動的聯繫的情報；
（b）相互合作，對於按第3條第1款確定的帶有國際性質的犯罪，進行有關下述方面的調查：
（一）嫌疑涉及按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的人的身份、行蹤和活動；
（二）得自此種犯罪的收益或財產的轉移情況；
（三）用於或意圖用於進行此類犯罪的麻醉藥品、精神藥物、本公約表一和表二所列物質以及工具的轉移情況；
（c）在適當的案件中並在不違背其國內法的前提下，建立聯合小組執行本款規定，同時應考慮到必須保護人員安全和執法活動的安全。參加聯合小組的任何締約國官員均應按擬在其領土上進行執法活動的締約國有關當局的授權行事；在所有這些情況下，所涉締約國應確保充分尊重擬在其領土上進行執法活動的締約國的主權；
（d）酌情提供必要數量的某些物質供分析或調查之用；
（e）便利其主管機構和部門之間的有效協調，並促進人員和其他專家的交流，適當時包括派駐聯絡官員。
2.各締約國應在必要的範圍內提出、制訂或改進對其負責制止按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的執法人員和其他人員，包括海關人員的具體培訓方案。此種方案應特別包括下述方面：
（a）對於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的偵查和制止方法；
（b）嫌疑涉及按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的人使用的路線和技術，特別是在過境國使用的路線和技術，以及適當的對付辦法；
（c）對麻醉藥品、精神藥物和表一和表二所列物質進出口情況的監測；
（d）對來自按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的收益和財產的轉移情況，以及用於或意圖用於此種犯罪的麻醉藥品、精神藥物和表一和表二所列物質和工具的轉移情況的偵查和監測；
（e）轉讓、隱瞞或掩飾這類收益、財產和工具的方法；
（f）證據的收集；
（g）在自由貿易區和自由港的管制技術；
（h）現代化執法技術。
3.締約國應相互協助計畫和實施旨在交流本條第2款所述各領域專門知識的研究與培訓方案，為此目的，還應酌情利用區域和國際會議及研討會，促進合作和促使討論共同關心的問題，包括過境國的特殊問題和需要。
1. The Parties shall co-operate closely with one another, consistent with their respective domestic legal and administrative systems, with a view to enhancing the effectiveness of law enforcement action to suppress the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1. They shall, in particular, on the basis of bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements：
(a)Establish and maintain channels of communication between their competent agencies and services to facilitate the secure and rapid exchange of information concerning all aspects of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, including, if the Parties concerned deem it appropriate, links with other criminal activities；
(b)Co-operate with one another in conducting enquiries, with respect to offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, having an international character, concerning：
(i)The identity, whereabouts and activities of persons suspected of being involved in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
(ii)The movement of proceeds or property derived from the commission of such offences；
(iii)The movement of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, substances in Table I and Table II of this Convention and instrumentalities used or intended for use in the commission of such offences；
(c)In appropriate cases and if not contrary to domestic law, establish joint teams, taking into account the need to protect the security of persons and of operations, to carry out the provisions of this paragraph. Officials of any Party taking part in such teams shall act as authorized by the appropriate authorities of the Party in whose territory the operation is to take place； in all such cases, the Parties involved shall ensure that the sovereignty of the Party on whose territory the operation is to take place is fully respected；
(d)Provide, when appropriate, necessary quantities of substances for analytical or investigative purposes；
(e)Facilitate effective co-ordination between their competent agencies and services and promote the exchange of personnel and other experts, including the posting of liaison officers.
2. Each Party shall, to the extent necessary, initiate, develop or improve specific training programmes for its law enforcement and other personnel, including customs, charged with the suppression of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1. Such programmes shall deal, in particular, with the following：
(a)Methods used in the detection and suppression of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
(b)Routes and techniques used by persons suspected of being involved in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, particularly in transit States, and appropriate countermeasures；
(c)Monitoring of the import and export of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II；
(d)Detection and monitoring of the movement of proceeds and property derived from, and narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II, and instrumentalities used or intended for use in, the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
(e)Methods used for the transfer, concealment or disguise of such proceeds, property and instrumentalities；
(f)Collection of evidence；
(g)Control techniques in free trade zones and free ports；
(h)Modem law enforcement techniques.
3. The Parties shall assist one another to plan, and implement research and training programmes designed to share expertise in the areas referred to in paragraph 2 of this article and, to this end, shall also, when appropriate, use regional and international conferences and seminars to promote co-operation and stimulate discussion on problems of mutual concern, including the special problems and needs of transit States.
1.締約國應直接或通過主管國際組織或區域組織進行合作，通過關於攔截和其他有關活動的技術合作方案，盡可能協助和支援過境國，特別是需要這種協助和支援的發展中國家。
2.締約國可直接或通過主管國際組織或區域組織，承諾向這些過境國提供財政援助，以便充實和加強為有效控制和預防非法販運所需的基礎設施。
3.締約國可締結雙邊或多邊協定或安排，增強依本條規定進行的國際合作的有效性，並可考慮這方面的財務安排。
1. The Parties shall co-operate, directly or through competent international or regional organizations, to assist and support transit States and, in particular, developing countries in need of such assistance and support, to the extent possible, through programmes of technical co-operation on interdiction and other related activities.
2. The Parties may undertake, directly or through competent international or regional organizations, to provide financial assistance to such transit States for the purpose of augmenting and strengthening the infrastructure needed for effective control and prevention of illicit traffic.
3. The Parties may conclude bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements to enhance the effectiveness of international co-operation pursuant to this article and may take into consideration financial arrangements in this regard.
1.在其國內法律制度基本原則允許的情況下，締約國應在可能的範圍內採取必要措施，根據相互達成的協定或安排，在國際一級適當使用控制下交付，以便查明涉及按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的人，並對之採取法律行動。
2.使用控制下交付的決定應在逐案基礎上作出，並可在必要時考慮財務安排和關於由有關締約國行使管轄權的諒解。
3.在有關締約國同意下，可以攔截已同意對之實行控制下交付的非法交運貨物，並允許將麻醉藥品或精神藥物原封不動地繼續運送或在將其完全或部分取出或替代後繼續運送。
1. If permitted by the basic principles of their respective domestic legal systems, the Parties shall take the necessary measures, within their possibilities, to allow for the appropriate use of controlled delivery at the international level, on the basis of agreements or arrangements mutually consented to, with a view to identifying persons involved in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, and to taking legal action against them.
2. Decisions to use controlled delivery shall be made on a case-by-case basis and may, when necessary, take into consideration financial arrangements and understandings with respect to the exercise of jurisdiction by the Parties concerned.
3. Illicit consignments whose controlled delivery is agreed to may, with the consent of the Parties concerned, be intercepted and allowed to continue with the narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances intact or removed or replaced in whole or in part.
1.締約國應採取其認為適當的措施，防止表一和表二所列物質被挪用於非法製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物，並應為此目的相互合作。
2.如某一締約國或麻管局根據其掌握的情報認為需要將某一物質列入表一或表二，則該締約國或麻管局應通知秘書長，同時附上該通知所依據的情報。如某一締約國或麻管局擁有情報證明應將某一物質從表一或表二中刪除，或從一個表轉到另一個表，則本條第2至第7款所述程式亦應適用。
3.秘書長應將此項通知連同其認為有關的任何情報轉送各締約國和麻委會，如此項通知系由一締約國發出，則應同時轉送麻管局。各締約國應將其對該通知的意見以及可能有助於麻管局作出評價和有助於麻委會作出決定的所有補充情報送交秘書長。
4.如果麻管局在考慮了該物質合法使用的範圍、重要性和多樣性，以及利用其他替代物質供合法用途和非法製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物之用的可能性與難易程度之後，認為：
（a）該物質經常用於非法製造某一麻醉藥品或精神藥物；
（b）非法製造某一麻醉藥品或精神藥物的數量和範圍造成了嚴重的公眾健康問題或社會問題，因而需要採取國際行動，則麻管局應告知麻委會它對該物質的評價，包括把該物質列入表一或表二後對合法使用及非法製造所可能造成的影響，以及根據這一評價所建議的任何適當監測措施。
5.麻管局在科學問題上的評價應是決定性的。麻委會在考慮了各締約國提交的意見以及麻管局提出的意見和建議並適當考慮任何其他有關因素之後，可由其成員的三分之二多數作出決定，將某一物質列入表一或表二。
6.麻委會按照本條作出的任何決定，應由秘書長通知所有國家和已成為或有資格成為本公約締約方的其他實體以及麻管局。這一決定自通知之日起一百八十天后即對各締約國完全生效。
7.（a）對麻委會根據本條作出的決定，在發出關於該決定的通知之日起一百八十天內，如有任一締約國提出請求，理事會便應對該決定進行審查。要求審查的請求應連同該項請求所根據的全部有關情報一併送交秘書長。
（b）秘書長應將要求審查的請求及有關情報的副本轉送麻委會、麻管局及所有締約國，請其於九十天之內提出意見。所有收到的意見均應提交理事會審議。
（c）理事會可確認或撤銷麻委會的決定。有關理事會決定的通知應轉送所有國家和已成為或有資格成為本公約締約方的其他實體、麻委會和麻管局。
8.（a）只要不影響本條第1款所載規定以及《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》和《1971年公約》各項規定的普遍性，締約國應採取其認為適當的措施，監測在其領土內進行的製造和分銷表一和表二所列物質的活動。
（b）為此目的，締約國可：
（一）控制所有從事製造和分銷此種物質的個人和企業；
（二）以執照控制可進行這種製造或分銷的單位和場所；
（三）要求執照持有者取得從事上述業務的許可；
（四）防止製造者和分銷者囤積的此種物質超出正常業務和市場基本狀況所需的數量。
9.各締約國應就表一和表二所列物質採取下列措施：
（a）建立並實施監測表一和表二所列物質的國際貿易的制度，以便查明可疑交易。這類監測制度應同製造商、進口商、出口商、批發商和零售商密切合作予以實施，他們應向主管當局報告可疑訂貨和交易；
（b）規定扣押有充分證據證明被用於非法製造某一麻醉藥品或精神藥物的表一或表二所列的任何物質；
（c）如有理由懷疑進出口或過境的表一或表二所列某一物質將被用於非法製造麻醉藥品和精神藥物，則應儘快通知有關締約國的主管當局和部門，其中應特別包括關於支付手段和引起懷疑的任何其他主要因素的情報；
（d）要求進出口貨物應貼上適當標籤，並附有必要的單據。在發票、載貨清單、海關、運輸及其他貨運單證等商業文件中應按表一或表二所定的名稱寫明進口或出口的物質的名稱、進口或出口的數量，以及進口商、出口商和所掌握的收貨人的姓名和地址；
（e）確保本款（d）項所述的單證至少保存兩年，並可提供主管當局檢查。
10.（a）除本條第9款的規定之外，根據有利害關係的締約國向秘書長提出的請求，有表一所列物質將從其領土輸出的各締約國，應確保在輸出前由其主管當局向進口國的主管當局提供下列情報：
（一）出口商、進口商和所掌握的收貨人的姓名和地址；
（二）表一所列物質的名稱；
（三）該物質將要出口的數量；
（四）預期的入境口岸和預期的發運日期；
（五）締約國相互議定的任何其他情報。
（b）如締約國認為可取或必要，可制訂比本款規定更為嚴格或嚴厲的控制措施。
11.如某一締約國按本條第9和第10款規定向另一締約國提供情報，則提供此情報的締約國可要求接受該情報的締約國對任何貿易、業務、商業或專業機密或貿易過程保密。
12.各締約國應按麻管局所規定的形式和方法，並用其所提供的表格，每年向麻管局提供如下情報：
（a）表一和表二所列物質的緝獲量，以及所知悉的來源；
（b）任何未列入表一或表二但查明已用於非法製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物且締約國認為其嚴重性足以提請麻管局注意的物質；
（c）挪用和非法製造的方法。
13.麻管局應每年向麻委會報告本條的執行情況，麻委會應定期審查表一和表二是否充分和適當。
14.本條規定不適用於藥用製劑，也不適用於含有表一或表二所列物質但其複方混合方式使此種物質不能以方便的手段容易地加以使用或回收的其他製劑。
1. The Parties shall take the measures they deem appropriate to prevent diversion of substances in Table I and Table II used for the purpose of illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, and shall co-operate with one another to this end.
2. If a Party or the Board has information which in its opinion may require the inclusion of a substance in Table I or Table II, it shall notify the Secretary-General and furnish him with the information in support of that notification. The procedure described in paragraphs 2 to 7 of this article shall also apply when a Party or the Board has information justifying the deletion of a substance from Table I or Table II, or the transfer of a substance from one Table to the other.
3. The Secretary-General shall transmit such notification, and any information which he considers relevant, to the Parties, to the Commission, and, where notification is made by a Party, to the Board. The Parties shall communicate their comments concerning the notification to the Secretary-General, together with all supplementary information which may assist the Board in establishing an assessment and the Commission in reaching a decision.
4. If the Board, taking into account the extent, importance and diversity of the licit use of the substance, and the possibility and ease of using alternate substances both for licit purposes and for the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, finds：
(a)That the substance is frequently used in the illicit manufacture of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance；
(b)That the volume and extent of the illicit manufacture of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance creates serious public health or social problems, so as to warrant international action,it shall communicate to the Commission an assessment of the substance, including the likely effect of adding the substance to either Table I or Table II on both licit use and illicit manufacture, together with recommendations of monitoring measures, if any, that would be appropriate in the light of its assessment.
5. The Commission, taking into account the comments submitted by the Parties and the comments and recommendations of the Board, whose assessment shall be determinative as to scientific matters, and also taking into due consideration any other relevant factors, may decide by a two-thirds majority of its members to place a substance in Table I or Table II.
6. Any decision of the Commission taken pursuant to this article shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all States and other entities which are, or which are entitled to become, Parties to this Convention, and to the Board. Such decision shall become fully effective with respect to each Party one hundred and eighty days after the date of such communication.
7. (a)The decisions of the Commission taken under this article shall be subject to review by the Council upon the request of any Party filed within one hundred and eighty days after the date of notification of the decision. The request for review shall be sent to the Secretary-General, together with all relevant information upon which the request for review is based.
(b)The Secretary-General shall transmit copies of the request for review and the relevant information to the Commission, to the Board and to all the Parties, inviting them to submit their comments within ninety days. All comments received shall be submitted to the Council for consideration.
(c)The Council may confirm or reverse the decision of the Commission. Notification of the Council’s decision shall be transmitted to all States and other entities which are, or which are entitled to become, Parties to this Convention, to the Commission and to the Board.
8.(a)Without prejudice to the generality of the provisions contained in paragraph 1 of this article and the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention, the Parties shall take the measures they deem appropriate to monitor the manufacture and distribution of substances in Table I and Table Il which are carried out within their territory.
(b)To this end, the Parties may：
(i)Control all persons and enterprises engaged in the manufacture and distribution of such substances；
(ii)Control under licence the establishment and premises in which such manufacture or distribution may take place；
(ii)Require that licensees obtain a permit for conducting the aforesaid operations；
(iv))Prevent the accumulation of such substances in the possession of manufacturers and distributors, in excess of the quantities required for the normal conduct of business and the prevailing market conditions.
9. Each Party shall, with respect to substances in Table I and Table II, take the following measures：
(a)Establish and maintain a system to monitor international trade in substances in Table I and Table II in order to facilitate the identification of suspicious transactions. Such monitoring systems shall be applied in close co-operation with manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers and retailers, who shall inform the competent authorities of suspicious orders and transactions.
(b)Provide for the seizure of any substance in Table I or Table II if there is sufficient evidence that it is for use in the illicit manufacture of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance.
(c)Notify, as soon as possible, the competent authorities and services of the Parties concerned if there is reason to believe that the import, export or transit of a substance in Table I or Table II is destined for the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, including in particular information about the means of payment and any other essential elements which led to that belief.
(d)Require that imports and exports be properly labelled and documented. Commercial documents such as invoices, cargo manifests, customs, transport and other shipping documents shall include the names, as stated in Table I or Table II, of the substances being imported or exported, the quantity being imported or exported, and the name and address of the exporter, the importer and, when available, the consignee.
(e)Ensure that documents referred to in subparagraph d)of this paragraph are maintained for a period of not less than two years and may be made available for inspection by the competent authorities.
10. a)In addition to the provisions of paragraph 9, and upon request to the Secretary-General by the interested Party, each Party from whose territory a substance in Table I is to be exported shall ensure that, prior to such export, the following information is supplied by its competent authorities to the competent authorities of the importing country：
(i)Name and address of the exporter and importer and, when available, the consignee；
(ii)Name of the substance in Table I；
(iii)Quantity of the substance to be exported；
(iv))Expected point of entry and expected date of dispatch；
(v)Any other information which is mutually agreed upon by the Parties.
(b)A Party may adopt more strict or severe measures of control than those provided by this paragraph if, in its opinion, such measures are desirable or necessary.
11. Where a Party furnishes information to another Party in accordance with paragraphs 9 and 10 of this article, the Party furnishing such information may require that the Party receiving it keep confidential any trade, business, commercial or professional secret or trade process.
12. Each Party shall furnish annually to the Board, in the form and manner provided for by it and on forms made available by it, information on：
(a)The amounts seized of substances in Table I and Table II and, when known, their origin；
(b)Any substance not included in Table I or Table II which is identified as having been used in illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, and which is deemed by the Party to be sufficiently significant to be brought to the attention of the Board；
(c)Methods of diversion and illicit manufacture.
13. The Board shall report annually to the Commission on the implementation of this article and the Commission shall periodically review the adequacy and propriety of Table I and Table II. 13
14. The provisions of this article shall not apply to pharmaceutical preparations, nor to other preparations containing substances in Table I or Table II that are compounded in such a way that such substances cannot be easily used or recovered by readily applicable means.
締約國應採取其認為適當的措施，防止為非法生產或製造麻醉藥品和精神藥物而買賣和挪用材料和設備，並應為此目的進行合作。
The Parties shall take such measures as they deem appropriate to prevent trade in and the diversion of materials and equipment for illicit production or manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and shall co-operate to this end.
1.締約國遵照本公約採取的任何措施，其嚴厲程度應不低於《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》和《1971年公約》中適用於根除非法種植含有麻醉藥品或精神藥物成分的植物以及消除對麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法需求的規定。
2.各締約國應採取適當措施防止非法種植並根除在其領土上非法種植的含有麻醉藥品或精神藥物成分的植物，諸如罌粟、古柯和大麻植物。所採取的措施應尊重基本人權，並應適當考慮到有歷史證明的傳統性正當用途以及對環境的保護。
3.（a）締約國可相互合作，以增強根除活動的有效性。這種合作除其他形式外，可酌情包括支援農村綜合發展，以便採用經濟上可行的辦法取代非法種植。在實施這種農村發展方案前，應考慮到諸如進入市場、資源供應和現有的社會經濟條件等因素。締約國可商定任何其他適當的合作措施。
（b）締約國還應便利科技情報的交流並進行有關根除活動的研究。
（c）凡有共同邊界的締約國，應設法相互合作，在各自沿邊界地區實施根除方案。
4.締約國應採取適當措施，消除或減少對麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法需求，以減輕個人痛苦並消除非法販運的經濟刺激因素。除其他外，這些措施可參照聯合國、世界衛生組織等聯合國專門機構及其他主管國際組織的建議，以及1987年麻醉品濫用和非法販運問題國際會議通過的《綜合性多學科綱要》，該綱要涉及政府和非政府機構及個人在預防、治療和康復領域應作出的努力。締約國可達成旨在消除或減少對麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法需求的雙邊或多邊協定或安排。
5.締約國也可採取必要措施，及早銷毀或依法處理已經扣押或沒收的麻醉藥品、精神藥物和表一與表二所列的物質，以及接受經適當證明的必要數量的這類物質作出證據。
1. Any measures taken pursuant to this Convention by Parties shall not be less stringent than the provisions applicable to the eradication of illicit cultivation of plants containing narcotic and psychotropic substances and to the elimination of illicit demand for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances under the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention.
2. Each Party shall take appropriate measures to prevent illicit cultivation of and to eradicate plants containing narcotic or psychotropic substances, such as opium poppy, coca bush and cannabis plants, cultivated illicitly in its territory. The measures adopted shall respect fundamental human rights and shall take due account of traditional licit uses, where there is historic evidence of such use, as well as the protection of the environment.
3. (a)The Parties may co-operate to increase the effectiveness of eradication efforts. Such co-operation may, inter alia, include support, when appropriate, for integrated rural development leading to economically viable alternatives to illicit cultivation. Factors such as access to markets, the availability of resources and prevailing socio-economic conditions should be taken into account before such rural development programmes are implemented. The Parties may agree on any other appropriate measures of co-operation.
(b)The Parties shall also facilitate the exchange of scientific and technical information and the conduct of research concerning eradication.
(c)Whenever they have common frontiers, the Parties shall seek to co-operate in eradication programmes in their respective areas along those frontiers.
4. The Parties shall adopt appropriate measures aimed at eliminating or reducing illicit demand for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, with a view to reducing human suffering and eliminating financial incentives for illicit traffic. These measures may be based, inter alia, on the recommendations of the United Nations, specialized agencies of the United Nations such as the World Health Organization, and other competent international organizations, and on the Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Outline adopted by the International Conference on Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, held in 1987, as it pertains to governmental and non-governmental agencies and private efforts in the fields of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. The Parties may enter into bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements aimed at eliminating or reducing illicit demand for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
5. The Parties may also take necessary measures for early destruction or lawful disposal of the narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II which have been seized or confiscated and for the admissibility as evidence of duly certified necessary quantities of such substances.
1.締約國應採取適當措施以確保商業承運人經營的運輸工具不被用於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪；這類措施可包括與商業承運人的特別安排。
2.各締約國應要求商業承運人採取合理預防措施，防止其運輸工具被用於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪。這類預防措施可包括：
（a）如果商業承運人的主要營業地設在該締約國領土內：
（一）訓練人員識別可疑的貨運或可疑的人；
（二）提高工作人員的品德；
（b）如果商業承運人在該締約國領土內經營業務：
（一）盡可能事先提供載貨清單；
（二）在集裝箱上使用可逐一查驗並可防作弊的封志；
（三）儘早將可能涉及按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的一切可疑情況報告有關當局。
3.各締約國應力求確保商業承運人與出入境口岸及其他海關管制區的有關當局合作，防止擅自接觸運輸工具和貨物，並執行適當的安全措施。
1. The Parties shall take appropriate measures to ensure that means of transport operated by commercial carriers are not used in the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1； such measures may include special arrangements with commercial carriers.
2. Each Party shall require commercial carriers to take reasonable precautions to prevent the use of their means of transport for the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1. Such precautions may include：
(a)If the principal place of business of a commercial carrier is within the territory of the Party：
(i)Training of personnel to identify suspicious consignments or persons；
(ii)Promotion of integrity of personnel；
(b)If a commercial carrier is operating within the territory of the Party：
(i)Submission of cargo manifests in advance, whenever possible；
(ii)Use of tamper-resistant, individually verifiable seals on containers；
(iii)Reporting to the appropriate authorities at the earliest opportunity all suspicious circumstances that may be related to the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
3. Each Party shall seek to ensure that commercial carriers and the appropriate authorities at points of entry and exit and other customs control areas co-operate, with a view to preventing unauthorized access to means of transport and cargo and to implementing appropriate security measures.
1.各締約國應要求合法出口的麻醉藥品和精神藥物單證齊全。除了遵循《1961年公約》第31條和經修正的《1961年公約》第31條及《1971年公約》第12條關於提供單證的規定外，應在發票、載貨清單、海關、運輸及其他貨運單證等商業文件上按《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》和《1971年公約》附表所定的名稱寫明出口的麻醉藥品和精神藥物的名稱、出口數量，以及出口商、進口商和所掌握的收貨人的姓名和地址。
2.各締約國應要求，出口的麻醉藥品和精神藥物貨物所貼標籤準確無誤。
1. Each Party shall require that lawful exports of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances be properly documented. In addition to the requirements for documentation under article 31 of the 1961 Convention, article 31 of the 1961 Convention as amended and article 12 of the 1971 Convention, commercial documents such as invoices, cargo manifests, customs, transport and other shipping documents shall include the names of the narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances being exported as set out in the respective Schedules of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention, the quantity being exported, and the name and address of the exporter, the importer and, when available, the consignee.
2. Each Party shall require that consignments of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances being exported be not mislabelled.
1.締約國應盡可能充分合作，依照國際海洋法制止海上非法販運。
2.締約國如有正當理由懷疑懸掛其國旗或未掛旗或未示註冊標誌的船隻在進行非法販運，可請求其他締約國協助，以制止將該船用於此種目的。被請求的締約國應盡其所能提供此種協助。
3.締約國如有正當理由懷疑懸掛另一締約國國旗或顯示該國註冊標誌的船隻雖按國際法行使航行自由但卻在從事非法販運，可將此事通知船旗國，請其確認註冊情況，並可在註冊情況獲得確認後，請船旗國援助對該船採取適當措施。
4.按照本條第3款，或按照請求國和船旗國之間有效的條約，或按照其相互達成的任何其他協議或安排，除其他事項外，船旗國還可授權請求國：
（a）登船；
（b）搜查船隻；
（c）如查獲涉及非法販運的證據，對該船隻、船上人員和貨物採取適當行動。
5.如依本條採取行動，有關締約國應適當注意不得危害海上生命安全，該船隻和貨物的安全，也不得損害該船旗國或任何其他有關國家的商業和法律利益。
6.只要符合本條第1款所規定的義務，船旗國可使其授權服從它與請求國之間相互議定的條件，包括關於責任的條件。
7.為本條第3和第4款的目的，締約國應以迅捷的方式答復另一締約國要求確定懸掛其國旗的船隻是否有此權利的請求，並答復根據第3款規定提出的授權請求。各締約國在成為本公約締約國時，應指定一個機構，或必要時指定若干機構接受並答復這類請求。這類指定應在指定後一個月內通過秘書長通知其他所有締約國。
8.已按照本條採取了任何行動的締約國，應將行動的結果迅速通知有關船旗國。
9.締約國應考慮達成雙邊和區域協定或安排，以執行本條各項規定或增強其有效性。
10.根據本條第4款採取的行動只能由軍艦或軍用飛機、或具有執行公務的明顯可識別標記並獲得有關授權的船舶或飛機進行。
11.根據本條採取任何行動均應適當注意有必要不干預或影響沿海國依國際海洋法具有的權利和義務及其管轄權的行使。
1. The Parties shall co-operate to the fullest extent possible to suppress illicit traffic by sea, in conformity with the international law of the sea.
2. A Party which has reasonable grounds to suspect that a vessel flying its flag or not displaying a flag or marks of registry is engaged in illicit traffic may request the assistance of other Parties in suppressing its use for that purpose. The Parties so requested shall render such assistance within the means available to them.
3. A Party which has reasonable grounds to suspect that a vessel exercising freedom of navigation in accordance with international law, and flying the flag or displaying marks of registry of another Party is engaged in illicit traffic may so notify the flag State, request confirmation of registry and, if confirmed, request authorization from the flag State to take appropriate measures in regard to that vessel.
4. In accordance with paragraph 3 or in accordance with treaties in force between them or in accordance with any agreement or arrangement otherwise reached between those Parties, the flag State may authorize the requesting State to, inter aria：
(a)Board the vessel；
(b)Search the vessel；
(c)If evidence of involvement in illicit traffic is found, take appropriate action with respect to the vessel, persons and cargo on board.
5. Where action is taken pursuant to this article, the Parties concerned shall take due account of the need not to endanger the safety of life at sea, the security of the vessel and the cargo or to prejudice the commercial and legal interests of the flag State or any other interested State.
6. The flag State may, consistent with its obligations in paragraph 1 of this article, subject its authorization to conditions to be mutually agreed between it and the requesting Party, including conditions relating to responsibility.
7. For the purposes of paragraphs 3 and 4 of this article, a Party shall respond expeditiously to a request from another Party to determine whether a vessel that is flying its flag is entitled to do so, and to requests for authorization made pursuant to paragraph 3. At the time of becoming a Party to this Convention, each Party shall designate an authority or, when necessary, authorities to receive and respond to such requests. Such designation shall be notified through the Secretary-General to all other Parties within one month of the designation.
8. A Party which has taken any action in accordance with this article shall promptly inform the flag State concerned of the results of that action.
9. The Parties shall consider entering into bilateral or regional agreements or arrangements to carry out, or to enhance the effectiveness of, the provisions of this article.
10. Action pursuant to paragraph 4 of this article shall be carried out only by warships or military aircraft, or other ships or aircraft clearly marked and identifiable as being on government service and authorized to that effect.
11. Any action taken in accordance with this article shall take due account of the need not to interfere with or affect the rights and obligations and the exercise of jurisdiction of coastal States in accordance with the international law of the sea.
1.締約國應採取措施，制止在自由貿易區和自由港非法販運麻醉藥品、精神藥物及表一和表二所列物質的活動，這些措施的嚴厲程度不應低於在其領土其他部分採取的措施。
2.締約國應努力：
（a）監測貨物及人員在自由貿易區和自由港的流動情況，並應為此目的，授權主管當局搜查貨物和進出船隻，包括遊艇和漁船以及飛機和車輛，適當時還可搜查乘務人員、旅客及其行李；
（b）建立並實施一套偵測系統以偵測進出自由貿易區和自由港的涉嫌含有麻醉藥品、精神藥物及表一和表二所列物質的貨運；
（c）在自由貿易區和自由港的港口和碼頭區以及機場和邊境檢查站設立並實施監視系統。
1. The Parties shall apply measures to suppress illicit traffic in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II in free trade zones and in free ports that are no less stringent than those applied in other parts of their territories.
2. The Parties shall endeavour：
(a)To monitor the movement of goods and persons in free trade zones and free ports, and, to that end, shall empower the competent authorities to search cargoes and incoming and outgoing vessels, including pleasure craft and fishing vessels, as well as aircraft and vehicles and, when appropriate, to search crew members, passengers and their baggage；
(b)To establish and maintain a system to detect consignments suspected of containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II passing into or out of free trade zones and free ports；
(c)To establish and maintain surveillance systems in harbour and dock areas and at airports and border control points in free trade zones and free ports.
1.締約國應按照其依萬國郵政聯盟各項公約所承擔的義務，並按照其本國法律制度的基本原則，採取措施制止利用郵件進行非法販運，並應為此目的相互合作。
2.本條第1款所述措施應特別包括：
（a）採取協調行動以預防和取締利用郵件進行非法販運；
（b）由經授權的執法人員採用並實施旨在偵測郵件中非法付運的麻醉藥品、精神藥物及表一和表二所列物質的調查和控制技術；
（c）採取立法措施，以便能夠使用適當手段獲得司法程式所需的證據。
1. In conformity with their obligations under the Conventions of the Universal Postal Union, and in accordance with the basic principles of their domestic legal systems, the Parties shall adopt measures to suppress the use of the mails for illicit traffic and shall co-operate with one another to that end.
2. The measures referred to in paragraph 1 of this article shall include, in particular：
(a)Co-ordinated action for the prevention and repression of the use of the mails for illicit traffic；
(b)Introduction and maintenance by authorized law enforcement personnel of investigative and control techniques designed to detect illicit consignments of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II in the mails；
(c)Legislative measures to enable the use of appropriate means to secure evidence required for judicial proceedings.
1.締約國應通過秘書長向麻委會提供關於在其領土內執行本公約的情報，特別是：
（a）為實施本公約而頒佈的法律和法規的文本；
（b）在其管轄範圍內發生的非法販運案件中締約國認為因其涉及所發現的新趨勢、所涉及的數量、獲得有關物質的來源或從事非法販運的人使用的手段而具有重要性的案件的詳情。
2.締約國應依照麻委會可能要求的方式和日期提供此種情報。
1. The Parties shall furnish, through the Secretary-General, information to the Commission on the working of this Convention in their territories and, in particular：
(a)The text of laws and regulations promulgated in order to give effect to the Convention；
(b)Particulars of cases of illicit traffic within their jurisdiction which they consider important because of new trends disclosed, the quantities involved, the sources from which the substances are obtained, or the methods employed by persons so engaged.
2. The Parties shall furnish such information in such a manner and by such dates as the Commission may request.
麻委會有權審議關係到本公約目標的所有事項，特別是：
（a）麻委會應根據締約國按第20條規定提交的情報，審查本公約的實施情況；
（b）麻委會可在審查各締約國提供的情報的基礎上，提出具體提議和一般性建議；
（c）麻委會可提請麻管局注意到可能與該局的職能有關的任何事項；
（d）麻委會應對麻管局依照第22條第1款（b）項規定提交其處理的任何事項，採取它認為適當的行動；
（e）麻委會可依照第12條規定的程式修改表一和表二；
（f）麻委會可提請非締約國注意到它根據本公約通過的決定和建議，以期由它們考慮按照這些決定和建議採取行動。
The Commission is authorized to consider all matters pertaining to the aims of this Convention and, in particular.
(a)The Commission shall, on the basis of the information submitted by the Parties in accordance with article 20, review the operation of this Convention；
(b)The Commission may make suggestions and general recommendations based on the examination of the information received from the Parties；
(c)The Commission may call the attention of the Board to any matters which may be relevant to the functions of the Board；
(d)The Commission shall, on any matter referred to it by the Board under article 22, paragraph 1 b), take such action as it deems appropriate；
(e)The Commission may, in conformity with the procedures laid down in article 12, amend Table I and Table II；
(f)The Commission may draw the attention of non-Parties to decisions and recommendations which it adopts under this Convention, with a view to their considering taking action in accordance therewith.
1.在不影響第21條規定的麻委會的職能，以及不影響《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》和《1971年公約》規定的麻管局和麻委會的職能的情況下：
（a）如根據其對提交麻管局、秘書長或麻委會的情報以及對聯合國各機構轉交的情報的分析，麻管局有理由認為，在與其職責有關的問題上，本公約的宗旨未獲實現，則麻管局可請某一或某些締約國提供任何有關的情報；
（b）對於第12條、第13條和第16條：
（一）在按照本款（a）項採取行動後，麻管局如認為確有必要，可籲請有關締約國酌情採取為執行本公約第12條、第13條和第16條的規定所必要的補救措施；
（二）麻管局在依照下述(三)目採取行動前，應將其根據上述各項與有關締約國之間的來往函件作為密件處理；
（三）麻管局若發現有關締約國未採取根據本項規定籲請其採取之補救措施，可提請各締約國、理事會及麻委會注意此事項。若有關締約國提出要求，麻管局根據本項發表的任何報告也應載錄該締約國的意見。
2.如麻管局的某次會議將依照本條規定審議某一問題，應邀請與該問題直接有關的任何締約國派代表出席。
3.凡麻管局依照本條規定所通過的決定系未經一致同意者，則少數方面的意見應予敘明。
4.麻管局依照本條作出的決定應以麻管局全體成員三分之二多數同意通過。
5.麻管局依照本條第1款（a）項履行其職能時，應確保其可能掌握的所有情報的機密性。
6.麻管局依照本條所負的責任不適用於締約國之間根據本公約規定所訂條約或協定的執行。
7.本條之規定不應適用於締約國之間屬第32條規定範圍的爭端。
1. Without prejudice to the functions of the Commission under article 21, and without prejudice to the functions of the Board and the Commission under the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention：
(a)If, on the basis of its examination of information available to it, to the Secretary-General or to the Commission, or of information communicated by United Nations organs, the Board has reason to believe that the aims of this Convention in matters related to its competence are not being met, the Board may invite a Party or Parties to furnish any relevant information；
(b)With respect to articles 12, 13 and 16：
(i)After taking action under subparagraph a)of this article, the Board if satisfied that it is necessary to do so, may call upon the Party concerned to adopt such remedial measures as shall seem under the circumstances to be necessary for the execution of the provisions of articles 12, 13 and 16；
(ii)Prior to taking action under iii)below, the Board shall treat as confidential its communications with the Party concerned under the preceding subparagraphs；
(iii)If the Board finds that the Party concerned has not taken remedial measures which it has been called upon to take under this subparagraph, it may call the attention of the Parties, the Council and the Commission to the matter. Any report published by the Board under this subparagraph shall also contain the views of the Party concerned if the latter so requests.
2. Any Party shall be invited to be represented at a meeting of the Board at which a question of direct interest to it is to be considered under this article.
3. If in any case a decision of the Board which is adopted under this article is not unanimous, the views of the minority shall be stated.
4. Decisions of the Board under this article shall be taken by a two-thirds majority of the whole number of the Board.
5. In carrying out its functions pursuant to subparagraph 1 a)of this article, the Board shall ensure the confidentiality of all information which may come into its possession.
6. The Board’s responsibility under this article shall not apply to the implementation of treaties or agreements entered into between Parties in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
7. The provisions of this article shall not be applicable to disputes between Parties falling under the provisions of article 32.
1.麻管局應編寫年度工作報告，報告中應載有對其所掌握資料的分析，並酌情載述締約國提出的或要求它們作出的解釋，連同麻管局希望提出的任何看法和建議。麻管局還可提出其認為必要的其他報告。報告應通過麻委會提交理事會，但麻委會可作出其認為合適的評論。
2.麻管局的報告應轉送各締約國，並應隨後由秘書長予發表。各締約國應允許分發此種報告的範圍不受限制。
1. The Board shall prepare an annual report on its work containing an analysis of the information at its disposal and, in appropriate cases, an account of the explanations, if any, given by or required of Parties, together with any observations and recommendations which the Board desires to make. The Board may make such additional reports as it considers necessary. The reports shall be submitted to the Council through the Commission which may make such comments as it sees fit.
2. The reports of the Board shall be communicated to the Parties and subsequently published by the Secretary-General. The Parties shall permit their unrestricted distribution.
締約國可採取較本公約規定更為嚴格或嚴厲的措施，如果它認為這種措施對防止或制止非法販運是可取的或必要的。
A Party may adopt more strict or severe measures than those provided by this Convention if, in its opinion, such measures are desirable or necessary for the prevention or suppression of illicit traffic.
本公約各項規定概不減損本公約締約國依《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》和《1971年公約》享有的任何權利或承擔的任何義務。
The provisions of this Convention shall not derogate from any rights enjoyed or obligations undertaken by Parties to this Convention under the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention.
本公約應於1988年12月20日至1989年2月28日在聯合國維也納辦事處，隨後直至1989年12月20日在紐約聯合國總部向下列各方開放供簽字：
（a）所有國家；
（b）納米比亞，由聯合國納米比亞理事會代表；
（c）在本公約所涉事項中有職權進行談判、締結和執行國際協定的區域經濟一體化組織。本公約中凡提到締約國、國家或國家部門之處，亦適用於這些組織，但以其職權範圍為限。
This Convention shall be open for signature at the United Nations Office at Vienna, from 20 December 1988 to 28 February 1989, and thereafter at the Headquarters of the United Nations at New York, until 20 December 1989, by：
(a)All States；
(b)Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia；
(c)Regional economic integration organizations which have competence in respect of the negotiation, conclusion and application of international agreements in matters covered by this Convention, references under the Convention to Parties, States or national services being applicable to these organizations within the limits of their competence.
1.本公約須經各國和由聯合國納米比亞理事會代表的納米比亞批准、接受或核准並須經第26條（c）項所述的區域經濟一體化組織正式確認。批准書、接受書或核准書和有關正式確認行為的文書應交聯合國秘書長保存。
2.區域經濟一體化組織在其正式確認書中應宣佈它們對於本公約所涉事項的職權範圍。這些組織還應將其對於本公約所涉事項的職權範圍的任何更改通知秘書長。
1. This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States and by Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia, and to acts of formal confirmation by regional economic integration organizations referred to in article 26, subparagraph c). The instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval and those relating to acts of formal confirmation shall be deposited with the Secretary-General.
2. In their instruments of formal confirmation, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by this Convention. These organizations shall also inform the Secretary-General of any modification in the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by the Convention.
1.本公約應一直開放供任何國家、由聯合國納米比亞理事會代表的納米比亞以及第26條（c）項所指的區域經濟一體化組織加入。加入應在加入書交存於聯合國秘書長後生效。
2.各區域經濟一體化組織在其加入書中應宣佈它們對於本公約所涉事項的職權範圍。這些組織還應將其對於本公約所涉事項的職權範圍的任何更改通知秘書長。
1. This Convention shall remain open for accession by any State, by Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia, and by regional economic integration organizations referred to in article 26, subparagraph c). Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Secretary-General.
2. In their instruments of accession, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by this Convention. These organizations shall also inform the Secretary-General of any modification in the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by the Convention.
1.本公約應自第二十份由國家或由聯合國納米比亞理事會代表的納米比亞提出的批准書、接受書、核准書或加入書交存於聯合國秘書長後第九十天起生效。
2.對於在第二十份批准書、接受書、核准書或加入書交存後批准、接受、核准或加入公約的每一國家或由納米比亞理事會代表的納米比亞，本公約應自其批准書、接受書、核准書或加入書交存之後第九十天起生效。
3.對於交存正式確認書或加入書的第26條（c）項所指每一區域經濟一體化組織，本公約應自交存後第九十天起生效，或自本公約依據本條第1款生效之日起生效，這兩個日期以較後的一個為准。
1. This Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of the deposit with the Secretary-General of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession by States or by Namibia, represented by the Council for Namibia.
2. For each State or for Namibia, represented by the Council for Namibia, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to this Convention after the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
3. For each regional economic integration organization referred to in article 26, subparagraph c)depositing an instrument relating to an act of formal confirmation or an instrument of accession, this Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after such deposit, or at the date the Convention enters into force pursuant to paragraph l of this article, whichever is later.
1.任一締約國可隨時向秘書長髮出書面通知，宣告退出本公約。
2.此種退約應自秘書長接獲通知之日起一年後對該有關締約國生效。
1. A Party may denounce this Convention at any time by a written notification addressed to the Secretary-General.
2. Such denunciation shall take effect for the Party concerned one year after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary-General.
1.任何締約國均可對本公約提出修正案。此項修正案及修正之理由應由該締約國送交秘書長轉致其他締約國並詢問是否接受所提修正案。如經分發的提議修正案在分發生十八個月後未為任何締約國所反對，即應認為修正案已被接受並應於某一締約國將其表示同意受該修正案約束的文書交存於秘書長之後九十天即對該締約國生效。
2.如所提議的修正案為任何締約國所反對，秘書長應與各締約國進行磋商，如有多數締約國要求，秘書長還應將此事項連同締約國提出的任何評論提交理事會，由其決定是否根據聯合國憲章第62條第4款召開一次會議。此次會議產生的任何修正案應載入一項修正議定書內。如同意受該項議定書約束，應特別向秘書長作此表示。
1. Any Party may propose an amendment to this Convention. The text of any such amendment and the reasons therefor shall be communicated by that Party to the Secretary-General, who shall communicate it to the other Parties and shall ask them whether they accept the proposed amendment. If a proposed amendment so circulated has not been rejected by any Party within twenty-four months after it has been circulated, it shall be deemed to have been accepted and shall enter into force in respect of a Party ninety days after that Party has deposited with the Secretary-General an instrument expressing its consent to be bound by that amendment.
2. If a proposed amendment has been rejected by any Party, the Secretary-General shall consult with the Parties and, if a majority so requests, he shall bring the matter, together with any comments made by the Parties, before the Council which may decide to call a conference in accordance with Article 62, paragraph 4, of the Charter of the United Nations. Any amendment resulting from such a Conference shall be embodied in a Protocol of Amendment. Consent to be bound by such a Protocol shall be required to be expressed specifically to the Secretary-General.
1.如有兩個或兩上以上締約國對本公約之解釋或適用發生爭執。這些締約國應彼此協商，以期通過談判、調查、調停、和解、仲裁、訴諸區域機構、司法程式或其自行選擇的其他和平方式解決爭端。
2.任何此種爭端如不能以第1款所規定之方式解決者，則應在發生爭端的任何一個締約國提出要求時提交國際法院裁決。
3.如某一第26條（c）項所述的區域經濟一體化組織為不能以本條第1款所規定方式解決之爭端的當事方，該組織可通過聯合國某一會員國請求理事會徵求國際法院根據國際法院規約第65條提出諮詢意見，此項諮詢意見應視為裁決意見。
4.各締約國在簽署或批准、接受或核准本公約或加入本公約時，或各區域經濟一體化組織在簽署或交存正式確認或加入的一份文書時，可聲明其並不認為自己受本條第2及第3款之約束。其他締約國對於作出了此項聲明的任何締約國，不應受本第2及第3款之約束。
5.根據本條第4款規定作出了聲明的任何締約國，可隨時通知秘書長撤銷該項聲明。
1. If there should arise between two or more Parties a dispute relating to the interpretation or application of this Convention, the Parties shall consult together with a view to the settlement of the dispute by negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, recourse to regional bodies, judicial process or other peaceful means of their own choice.
2. Any such dispute which cannot be settled in the manner prescribed in paragraph 1 of this article shall be referred, at the request of any one of the States Parties to the dispute, to the International Court of Justice for decision.
3. If a regional economic integration organization referred to in article 26, subparagraph c)is a Party to a dispute which cannot be settled in the manner prescribed in paragraph 1 of this article, it may, through a State Member of the United Nations, request the Council to request an advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice in accordance with Article 65 of the Statute of the Court, which opinion shall be regarded as decisive.
4. Each State, at the time of signature or ratification, acceptance or approval of this Convention or accession thereto, or each regional economic integration organization, at the time of signature or deposit of an act of formal confirmation or accession, may declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article. The other Parties shall not be bound by paragraphs 2 and 3 with respect to any Party having made such a declaration.
5. Any Party having made a declaration in accordance with paragraph 4 of this article may at any time withdraw the declaration by notification to the Secretary-General.
本公約之阿拉伯文、中文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文文本均同樣為作準文本。
The Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts of this Convention are equally authentic.
秘書長應為本公約保存人。
茲由下列經正式授權之代表在本公約下簽字，以昭信守。
具原件一份，1988年12月20日訂於維也納。
The Secretary-General shall be the depositary of this Convention.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have signed this Convention.
DONE AT VIENNA, in one original, this twentieth day of December one thousand nine hundred and eighty-eight.
《聯合國禁止非法販運麻醉藥品和精神藥物公約》
（United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances）
【發布單位】聯合國大會
【生效日期】1988年12月19日（在聯合國禁止非法販運麻醉藥品和精神藥物公約會議的第6次全會上通過）
【引言】
本公約締約國，
本公約締約國，
深切關注麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法生產、需求及販運的巨大規模和上升趨勢，構成了對人類健康和幸福的嚴重威脅，並對社會的經濟、文化及政治基礎帶來了不利的影響，
又深切關注麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法販運日益嚴重地侵蝕著社會的各類群體，特別是在世界許多地區，兒童被當成毒品消費者市場，並被利用進行麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法生產、分銷和買賣，從而造成嚴重到無法估量的危害，
認識到非法販運同其他與之有關的、有組織的犯罪活動結合在一起，損害著正當合法的經濟，危及各國的穩定、安全和主權，
又認識到非法販運是一種國際性犯罪活動，必須迫切注意並最高度重視對此種活動的取締，
意識到非法販運可獲得巨額利潤和財富，從而使跨國犯罪集團能夠滲透、污染和腐蝕各級政府機構、合法的商業和金融企業，以及社會各階層，
決心剝奪從事非法販運者從其犯罪活動中得到的收益，從而消除其從事此類販運活動的主要刺激因素，
希望消除濫用麻醉藥品和精神藥物問題的根源，包括對此類藥品和藥物的非法需求以及從非法販運獲得的巨額利潤，
認為有必要採取措施，監測某些用於製造麻醉藥品和精神藥物的物質，包括前體、化學品和溶劑，因為這些物質的方便獲取，已導致更為大量地秘密製造此類藥品和藥物，
決心改進國際合作，以制止海上非法販運，
認識到根除非法販運是所有國家的共同責任，為此，有必要在國際合作範圍內採取協調行動， 確認聯合國在麻醉藥品和精神藥物管制領域的主管職能，並希望與此類管制有關的國際機關均設於聯合國組織的範圍之內，
重申麻醉藥品和精神藥物領域現有各項條約的指導原則及其包含的管制制度，
確認有必要加強和補充《1961年麻醉品單一公約》、經由《修正1961年麻醉品單一公約的1972年議定書》修正的該公約和《1971年精神藥物公約》中規定的措施，以便對付非法販運的規模和程度及其嚴重後果，
又確認加強並增進國際刑事合作的有效法律手段，對於取締國際非法販運的犯罪活動具有重要意義，
願意締結一項專門針對非法販運的全面、有效和可行的國際公約，此公約顧及整個問題的各個方面，尤其是麻醉藥品和精神藥物領域現有的各項條約未曾設想到的那些方面，茲協議如下：
The Parties to this Convention,
Deeply concerned by the magnitude of and rising trend in the illicit production of, demand for and traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, which pose a serious threat to the health and welfare of human beings and adversely affect the economic, cultural and political foundations of society,
Deeply concerned also by the steadily increasing inroads into various social groups made by illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, and particularly by the fact that children are used in many parts of the world as an illicit drug consumers market and for purposes of illicit production, distribution and trade in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, which entails a danger of incalculable gravity,
Recognizing the links between illicit traffic and other related organized criminal activities which undermine the legitimate economies and threaten the stability, security and sovereignty of States,
Recognizing also that illicit traffic is an international criminal activity, the suppression of which demands urgent attention and the highest priority,
Aware that illicit traffic generates large financial profits and wealth enabling transnational criminal organizations to penetrate, contaminate and corrupt the structures of government, legitimate commercial and financial business, and society at all its levels,
Determined to deprive persons engaged in illicit traffic of the proceeds of their criminal activities and thereby eliminate their main incentive for so doing,
Desiring to eliminate the root causes of the problem of abuse of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, including the illicit demand for such drugs and substances and the enormous profits derived from illicit traffic,
Considering that measures are necessary to monitor certain substances, including precursors, chemicals and solvents, which are used in the manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, the ready availability of which has led to an increase in the clandestine manufacture of such drugs and substances,
Determined to improve international co-operation in the suppression of illicit traffic by sea,
Recognizing that eradication of illicit traffic is a collective responsibility of all States and that, to that end, co-ordinated action within the framework of international co-operation is necessary,
Acknowledging the competence of the United Nations in the field of control of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and desirous that the international organs concerned with such control should be within the framework of that Organization,
Reaffirming the guiding principles of existing treaties in the field of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and the system of control which they embody,
Recognizing the need to reinforce and supplement the measures provided in the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, that Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, and the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, in order to counter the magnitude and extent of illicit traffic and its grave consequences,
Recognizing also the importance of strengthening and enhancing effective legal means for international co-operation in criminal matters for suppressing the international criminal activities of illicit traffic,
Desiring to conclude a comprehensive, effective and operative international convention that is directed specifically against illicit traffic and that considers the various aspects of the problem as a whole, in particular those aspects not envisaged in the existing treaties in the field of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, Hereby agree as follows：
【內容】
第1條（定義）
除另有明文指出或上下文要求另作解釋者外，下列各項定義應適用於整個公約：
（a）「麻管局」係指《1961年麻醉品單一公約》及經《修正1961年麻醉品單一公約的1972年議定書》修正的該公約設立的國際麻醉品管制局；
（b）「大麻植物」係指大麻屬的任何植物；
（c）「古柯植物」係指紅木屬的任何一種植物；
（d）「商業承運人」係指為了報酬、租雇或任何其他利益而從事客運、貨運或郵件運送的任何個人或公營、私營或其他實體；
（e）「麻委會」係指聯合國經濟及社會理事會的麻醉藥品委員會；
（f）「沒收」係指由法院或其他主管當局下令對財產的永久剝奪；
（g）「控制下交付」係指一種技術，即在一國或多國的主管當局知情或監督下，允許貨物中非法或可疑的麻醉藥品、精神藥物、本公約表一和表二所列物質或它們的替代物質運出、通過或運入其領土，以期查明涉及按本公約第3條第1款確定的犯罪的人；
（h）「1961年公約」係指《1961年麻醉品單一公約》；
（i）「經修正的1961年公約」係指經《修正1961年麻醉品單一公約的1972年議定書》修正的《1961年麻醉品單一公約》；
（j）「1971年公約」係指《1971年精神藥物公約》；
（k）「理事會」係指聯合國經濟及社會理事會；
（l）「凍結」或「扣押」係指根據法院或主管當局下達的命令暫時禁止財產的轉讓、變換、處置或轉移，或對財產實行暫時性扣留或控制；
（m）「非法販運」係指本公約第3條第1款和第2款所列的犯罪；
（n）「麻醉藥品」係指《1961年麻醉品單一公約》及經《修正1961年麻醉品單一公約的1972年議定書》修正的該公約附表一和附表二所列的任何天然或合成物質；
（o）「罌粟」係指催眠性罌粟種的植物；
（p）「收益」系提直接或間接地通過按第3條第1款確定的犯罪而獲得或取得的任何財產；
（q）「財產」係指各種資產，不論其為物質的或非物質的、動產或非動產、有形的或無形的；以及證明對這種資產享有權利或利益的法律檔或文書；
（r）「精神藥物」係指《1971年精神藥物公約》附表一、二、三或四所列的任何天然或合成物質或任何天然材料；
（s）「秘書長」係指聯合國秘書長；
（t）「表一和表二」係指依此編號附於本公約後並按照第12條隨時修訂的物質清單；
（u）「過境國」係指既非原產地亦非最終目的地，而非法的麻醉藥品、精神藥物及表一和表二所列物質經由其領土轉移的國家。
Article 1（DEFINITIONS）
Except where otherwise expressly indicated or where the context otherwise requires, the following definitions shall apply throughout this Convention：
（a）“Board” means the International Narcotics Control Board established by the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, and that Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（b）“Cannabis plant” means any plant of the genus Cannabis；
（c）“Coca bush” means the plant of any species of the genus Erythroxylon；
（d）“Commercial carrier” means any person or any public, private or other entity engaged in transporting persons, goods or mails for remuneration, hire or any other benefit；
（e）“Commission” means the Commission on Narcotic Drugs of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations；
（f）“Confiscation”, which includes forfeiture where applicable, means the permanent deprivation of property by order of a court or other competent authority；
（g）“Controlled delivery” means the technique of allowing illicit or suspect consignments of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, substances in Table I and Table II annexed to this Convention, or substances substituted for them, to pass out of, through or into the territory of one or more countries, with the knowledge and under the supervision of their competent authorities, with a view to identifying persons involved in the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1 of the Convention；
（h）“1961 Convention” means the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（i）“1961 Convention as amended” means the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（j）“1971 Convention” means the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971；
（k）“Council” means the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations；
（l）“Freezing” or “seizure” means temporarily prohibiting the transfer, conversion, disposition or movement of property or temporarily assuming custody or control of property on the basis of an order issued by a court or a competent authority；
（m）“Illicit traffic” means the offences set forth in article 3, paragraphs 1 and 2, of this Convention；
（n）“Narcotic drug” means any of the substances, natural or synthetic, in Schedules I and II of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, and that Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（o）“Opium poppy” means the plant of the species Papaver somniferum L；
（p）“Proceeds” means any property derived from or obtained, directly or indirectly, through the commission of an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
（q）“Property” means assets of every kind, whether corporeal or incorporeal, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible, and legal documents or instruments evidencing title to, or interest in, such assets；
（r）“Psychotropic substance” means any substance, natural or synthetic, or any natural material in Schedules I, II, III and IV of the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971；
（s）“Secretary-General” means the Secretary-General of the United Nations；
（t）“Table I” and “Table II” mean the correspondingly numbered lists of substances annexed to this Convention, as amended from time to time in accordance with article 12,
（u）“Transit State” means a State through the territory of which illicit narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II are being moved, which is neither the place of origin nor the place of ultimate destination thereof.
第2條（公約的範圍）
1.本公約的宗旨是促進締約國之間的合作，使它們可以更有效地對付國際範圍的非法販運麻醉藥品和精神藥物的各個方面。締約國在履行其按本公約所承擔的義務時，應根據其國內立法制度的基本規定，採取必要的措施，包括立法和行政措施。
2.締約國應以符合各國主權平等和領土完整以及不干涉別國內政原則的方式履行其按本公約所承擔的義務。
3.任一締約國不得在另一締約國的領土內行使由該另一締約國國內法律規定完全屬於該國當局的管轄權和職能。
Article 2（SCOPE OF THE CONVENTION）
1. The purpose of this Convention is to promote co-operation among the Parties so that they may address more effectively the various aspects of illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances having an international dimension. In carrying out their obligations under the Convention, the Parties shall take necessary measures, including legislative and administrative measures, in conformity with the fundamental provisions of their respective domestic legislative systems.
2. The Parties shall carry out their obligations under this Convention in a manner consistent with the principles of sovereign equality and territorial integrity of States and that of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of other States.
3. A Party shall not undertake in the territory of another Party the exercise of jurisdiction and performance of functions which are exclusively reserved for the authorities of that other Party by its domestic law.
第3條（犯罪和制裁）
1.各締約國應採取可能必要的措施將下列故意行為確定為其國內法中的刑事犯罪：
（a）（一）違反《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》或《1971年公約》的各項規定，生產、製造、提煉、配製、提供、兜售、分銷、出售、以任何條件交付、經紀、發送、過境發送、運輸、進口或出口任何麻醉藥品或精神藥物；
（二）違反《1961年公約》和經修正的《1961年公約》的各項規定，為生產麻醉藥品而種植罌粟、古柯或大麻植物；
（三）為了進行上述(一)目所列的任何活動，佔有或購買任何麻醉藥品或精神藥物；
（四）明知其用途或目的是非法種植、生產或製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物而製造、運輸或分銷設備、材料或表一和表二所列物質；
（五）組織、管理或資助上述(一)、(二)、(三)或(四)目所列的任何犯罪；
（b）（一）明知財產得自按本款（a）項確定的任何犯罪或參與此種犯罪的行為，為了隱瞞或掩飾該財產的非法來源，或為了協助任何涉及此種犯罪的人逃避其行為的法律後果而轉換或轉讓該財產；
（二）明知財產得自按本款（a）項確定的犯罪或參與此種犯罪的行為，隱瞞或掩飾該財產的真實性質、來源、所在地、處置、轉移、相關的權利或所有權；
（c）在不違背其憲法原則及其法律制度基本概念的前提下，
（一）在收取財產時明知財產得自按本款（a）項確定的犯罪或參與此種犯罪的行為而獲取、佔有或使用該財產；
（二）明知其被用於或將用於非法種植、生產或製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物而佔有設備、材料或表一和表二所列物質；
（三）以任何手段公開鼓動或引誘他人去犯按照本條確定的任何罪行或非法使用麻醉藥品或精神藥物；
（四）參與進行，合夥或共謀進行，進行未遂，以及幫助、教唆、便利和參謀進行按本條確定的任何犯罪。
2.各締約國應在不違背其憲法原則和法律制度基本概念的前提下，採取可能必要的措施，在其國內法中將違反《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》或《1971年公約》的各項規定，故意佔有、購買或種植麻醉藥品或精神藥物以供個人消費的行為，確定為刑事犯罪。
3.構成本條第1款所列罪行的知情、故意或目的等要素，可根據客觀事實情況加以判斷。
4.（a）各締約國應使按本條第1款確定的犯罪受到充分顧及這些罪行的嚴重性質的制裁，諸如監禁或以其他形式剝奪自由，罰款和沒收。
（b）締約國還可規定除進行定罪或懲罰外，對犯有按本條第1款確定的罪行的罪犯採取治療、教育、善後護理、康復或回歸社會等措施。
（c）儘管有以上各項規定，在性質輕微的適當案件中，締約國可規定作為定罪或懲罰的替代辦法，採取諸如教育、康復或回歸社會等措施，如罪犯為嗜毒者，還可採取治療或善後護理等措施。
（d）締約國對於按本條第2款確定的犯罪，可以規定對罪犯採取治療、教育、善後護理、康復或回歸社會的措施，以作為定罪或懲罰的替代辦法，或作為定罪或懲罰的補充。
5.締約國應確保其法院和擁有管轄權的其他主管當局能夠考慮使按照第1款所確定的犯罪構成特別嚴重犯罪的事實情況，例如：
（a）罪犯所屬的有組織的犯罪集團涉及該項犯罪；
（b）罪犯涉及其他國際上有組織的犯罪活動；
（c）罪犯涉及由此項犯罪所便利的其他非法活動；
（d）罪犯使用暴力或武器；
（e）罪犯擔任公職，且其所犯罪行與該公職有關；
（f）危害或利用未成年人；
（g）犯罪發生在監禁管教場所，或教育機構或社會服務場所，或在緊鄰這些場所的地方，或在學童和學生進行教育、體育或社會活動的其他地方；
（h）以前在國外或國內曾被判罪，特別是類似的犯罪，但以締約國國內法所允許的程度為限。
6.締約國為起訴犯有按本條確定的罪行的人而行使其國內法規定的法律裁量權時，應努力確保對這些罪行的執法措施取得最大成效，並適當考慮到需要對此種犯罪起到威懾作用。
7.締約國應確保其法院或其他主管當局對於已判定犯有本條第1款所列罪行的人，在考慮其將來可能的早釋或假釋時，顧及這種罪行的嚴重性質和本條第5款所列的情況。
8.各締約國應酌情在其國內法中對於按本條第1款確定的任何犯罪，規定一個長的追訴時效期限，當被指稱的罪犯已逃避司法處置時，期限應更長。
9.各締約國應採取符合其法律制度的適當措施，確保在其領土內發現的被指控或被判定犯有按本條第1款確定的罪行的人，能在必要的刑事訴訟中出庭。
10.為了締約國之間根據本公約進行合作，特別包括根據第5、6、7和9條進行合作，在不影響締約國的憲法限制和基本的國內法的情況下，凡依照本條確定的犯罪均不得視為經濟犯罪或政治犯罪或認為是出於政治動機。
11.本條規定不得影響其所述犯罪和有關的法律辯護理由只應由締約國的國內法加以闡明以及此種犯罪應依該法予以起訴和懲罰的原則。
Article 3（OFFENCES AND SANCTIONS）
1. Each Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences under its domestic law, when committed intentionally：
（a）i）The production, manufacture, extraction； preparation, offering, offering for sale, distribution, sale, delivery on any terms whatsoever, brokerage, dispatch, dispatch in transit, transport, importation or exportation of any narcotic drug or any psychotropic substance contrary to the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended or the 1971 Convention；
（ii）The cultivation of opium poppy, coca bush or cannabis plant for the purpose of the production of narcotic drugs contrary to the provisions of the 1961 Convention and the 1961 Convention as amended；
（iii）The possession or purchase of any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance for the purpose of any of the activities enumerated in i）above；
（iv）The manufacture, transport or distribution of equipment, materials or of substances listed in Table I and Table II, knowing that they are to be used in or for the illicit cultivation, production or manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances；
（v）The organization, management or financing of any of the offences enumerated in i）, ii）, iii）or iv）above；
（b）i）The conversion or transfer of property, knowing that such property is derived from any offence or offences established in accordance with subparagraph a）of this paragraph, or from an act of participation in such offence or offences, for the purpose of concealing or disguising the illicit origin of the property or of assisting any person who is involved in the commission of such an offence or offences to evade the legal consequences of his actions；
（ii）The concealment or disguise of the true nature, source, location, disposition, movement, rights with respect to, or ownership of property, knowing that such property is derived from an offence or offences established in accordance with subparagraph a）of this paragraph or from an act of participation in such an offence or offences；
（c）Subject to its constitutional principles and the basic concepts of its legal system：
（i）The acquisition, possession or use of property, knowing, at the time of receipt, that such property was derived from an offence or offences established in accordance with subparagraph a）of this paragraph or from an act of participation in such offence or offences；
（ii）The possession of equipment or materials or substances listed in Table I and Table II, knowing that they are being or are to be used in or for the illicit cultivation, production or
（iii）Publicly inciting or inducing others, by any means, to commit any of the offences established in accordance with this article or to use narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances illicitly；
（iv）Participation in, association or conspiracy to commit, attempts to commit and aiding, abetting, facilitating and counselling the commission of any of the offences established in accordance with this article.
2. Subject to its constitutional principles and the basic concepts of its legal system, each Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence under its domestic law, when committed intentionally, the possession, purchase or cultivation of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances for personal consumption contrary to the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended or the 1971 Convention.
3. Knowledge, intent or purpose required as an element of an offence set forth in paragraph 1 of this article may be inferred from objective factual circumstances.
4. a）Each Party shall make the commission of the offences established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article liable to sanctions which take into account the grave nature of these offences, such as imprisonment or other forms of deprivation of liberty, pecuniary sanctions and confiscation.
（b）The Parties may provide, in addition to conviction or punishment, for an offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, that the offender shall undergo measures such as treatment, education, aftercare, rehabilitation or social reintegration.
（c）Notwithstanding the preceding subparagraphs, in appropriate cases of a minor nature, the Parties may provide, as alternatives to conviction or punishment, measures such as education, rehabilitation or social reintegration, as well as, when the offender is a drug abuser, treatment and aftercare.
（d）The Parties may provide, either as an alternative to conviction or punishment, or in addition to conviction or punishment of an offence established in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article, measures for the treatment, education, aftercare, rehabilitation or social reintegration of the offender.
5. The Parties shall ensure that their courts and other competent authorities having jurisdiction can take into account factual circumstances which make the commission of the offences established in accordance with paragraph l of this article particularly serious, such as：
（a）The involvement in the offence of an organized criminal group to which the offender belongs；
（b）The involvement of the offender in other international organized criminal activities；
（c）The involvement of the offender in other illegal activities facilitated by commission of the offence；
（d）The use of violence or arms by the offender；
（e）The fact that the offender holds a public office and that the offence is connected with the office in question；
（f）The victimization or use of minors；
（g）The fact that the offence is committed in a penal institution or in an educational institution or social service facility or in their immediate vicinity or in other places to which school children and students resort for educational, sports and social activities；
（h）Prior conviction, particularly for similar offences, whether foreign or domestic, to the extent permitted under the domestic law of a Party.
6. The Parties shall endeavour to ensure that any discretionary legal powers under their domestic law relating to the prosecution of persons for offences established in accordance with this article are exercised to maximize the effectiveness of law enforcement measures in respect of those offences, and with due regard to the need to deter the commission of such offences.
7. The Parties shall, ensure that their courts or other competent authorities bear in mind the serious nature of the offences enumerated in paragraph l of this article and the circumstances enumerated in paragraph 5 of this article when considering the eventuality of early release or parole of persons convicted of such offences.
8. Each Party shall, where appropriate, establish under its domestic law a long statute of limitations period in which to commence proceedings for any offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, and a longer period where the alleged offender has evaded the administration of justice.
9. Each Party shall take appropriate measures, consistent with its legal system, to ensure that a person charged with or convicted of an offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, who is found within its territory, is present at the necessary criminal proceedings.
10. For the purpose of co-operation among the Parties under this Convention, including, in particular, co-operation under articles 5, 6, 7 and 9, offences established in accordance with this article shall not be considered as fiscal offences or as political offences or regarded as politically motivated, without prejudice to the constitutional limitations and the fundamental domestic law of the Parties.
11. Nothing contained in this article shall affect the principle that the description of the offences to which it refers and of legal defences thereto is reserved to the domestic law of a Party and that such offences shall be prosecuted and punished in conformity with that law.
第4條（管轄權）
1.各締約國：
（a）在遇到下述情況時，應採取可能必要的措施，對其按第3條第1款確定的犯罪，確立本國的管轄權：
（一）犯罪發生在其領土內；
（二）犯罪發生在犯罪時懸掛其國旗的船隻或按其法律註冊的飛行器上；
（b）在遇到下述情況時，可採取可能必要的措施，對其按第3條第1款確定的犯罪，確立本國的管轄權：
（一）進行該犯罪的人為本國國民或在其領土內有慣常居所者；
（二）犯罪發生在該締約國已獲授權按第17條規定對之採取適當行動的船舶上，但這種管轄權只應根據該條第4和第9款所述協定或安排行使；
（三）該犯罪屬於按第3條第1款（c）項(四)目確定的罪行之一，並發生在本國領土外，而目的是在其領土內進行按第3條第1款確定的某項犯罪。
2.各締約國：
（a）當被指控的罪犯在其領土內，並且基於下述理由不把他引渡到另一締約國時，也應採取可能必要的措施，對其按第3條第1款確定的犯罪，確立本國的管轄權：
（一）犯罪發生在其領土內或發生在犯罪時懸掛其國旗的船隻或按其法律註冊的飛行器上；或
（二）進行犯罪的人為本國國民；
（b）當被指控的罪犯在其領土內，並且不把他引渡到另一締約國時，也可採取可能必要的措施，對其按第3條第1款確定的犯罪，確立本國的管轄權。
3.本公約不排除任一締約國行使按照其國內法確立的任刑事管轄權。
Article 4（JURISDICTION）
1. Each Party：
(a)Shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when：
(i)The offence is committed in its territory；
(ii)The offence is committed on board a vessel flying its flag or an aircraft which is registered under its laws at the time the offence is committed；
(b)May take such measures as maybe necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when：
(i)The offence is committed by one of its nationals or by a person who has his habitual residence in its territory；
(ii)The offence is committed on board a vessel concerning which that Party has been authorized to take appropriate action pursuant to article 17, provided that such jurisdiction shall be exercised only on the basis of agreements or arrangements referred to in paragraphs 4 and 9 of that article；
(iii)The offence is one of those established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, subparagraph c)iv), and is committed outside its territory with a view to the commission, within its territory, of an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Each Party：
(a)Shall also take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when the alleged offender is present in its territory and it does not extradite him to another Party on the ground：
(i)That the offence has been committed in its territory or on board a vessel flying its flag or an aircraft which was registered under its law at the time the offence was committed； or
(ii)That the offence has been committed by one of its nationals；
(b)May also take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when the alleged offender is present in its territory and it does not extradite him to another Party.
3. This Convention does not exclude the exercise of any criminal jurisdiction established by a Party in accordance with its domestic law.
第5條（沒收）
1.各締約國應制定可能必要的措施以便能夠沒收：
（a）從按第3條第1款確定的犯罪中得來的收益或價值相當於此種收益的財產；
（b）已經或意圖以任何方式用於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的麻醉藥品和精神藥物、材料和設備或其他工具。
2.各締約國還應制定可能必要的措施，使其主管當局得以識別、追查和凍結或扣押本條第1款所述的收益、財產、工具或任何其他物品，以便最終予以沒收。
3.為執行本條所述的措施，各締約國應授權其法院或其他主管當局下令提供或扣押銀行記錄、財務記錄或商業記錄。任一締約國不得以保守銀行秘密為由拒絕按照本款的規定採取行動。
4.（a）在接到對按第3條第1款確定的某項犯罪擁有管轄權的另一締約國依本條規定提出的請求後，本條第1款所述收益、財產、工具或任何其他物品在其領土內的締約國應：
（一）將該項請求提交其主管當局，以便取得沒收令，如此項命令已經發出，則應予以執行；或
（二）將請求國按本條第1款規定對存在於被請求國領土內的第1款所述收益、財產、工具或任何其他物品發出的沒收令提交其主管當局，以便在請求的範圍內予以執行。
（b）在接到對按第3條第1款確定的某項犯罪擁有管轄權的另一締約國依本條規定提出的請求後，被請求國應採取措施識別、追查和凍結或扣押本條第1款所述的收益、財產、工具或任何其他物品，以便由請求國，或根據依本款（a）項規定提出的請求，由被請求國下令最終予沒收。
（c）被請求國按本款（a）項和（b）項規定作出決定或採取行動，均應符合並遵守其國內法的規定及其程式規則或可能約束其與請求國關係的任何雙邊或多邊條約、協定或安排。
（d）第7條第6至19款的規定可以比照適用。除第7條第10款所列情況外，按本條規定提出的請求書還應包含以下各項：
（一）如系按（a）項(一)目提出的請求，須附有足夠的對擬予沒收的財產的說明和請求國所依據的事實的陳述，以便被請求國能夠根據其國內法取得沒收令；
（二）如系按（a）項(二)目提出的請求，須附有該請求所依據的、由請求國發出的、法律上可接受的沒收令副本，事實的陳述，和關於請求執行該沒收令的範圍的說明；
（三）如系按（b）項提出的請求，須附有請求國所依據的事實的陳述和對所請求採取的行動的說明。
（e）各締約國應向秘書長提供本國有關實施本款的任何法律和條例的文本以及這些法律和條例此後的任何修改文本。
（f）如某一締約國要求採取本款（a）項和（b）項所述措施必須以存在一項有關的條約為條件，則該締約國應將本公約視為必要而充分的條約依據。
（g）締約國應謀求締結雙邊和多邊條約、協定或安排，以增強根據本條進行的國際合作的有效性。
5.（a）締約國按照本條第1款或第4款的規定所沒收的收益或財產，應由該締約國按照其國內法和行政程式加以處理。
（b）締約國按本條規定依另一締約國的請求採取行動時，該締約國可特別考慮就下述事項締結協定：
（一）將這類收益和財產的價值，或變賣這類收益或財產所得的款項，或其中相當一部分，捐給專門從事打擊非法販運及濫用麻醉藥品和精神藥物的政府間機構；
（二）按照本國法律行政程式或專門締結的雙邊或多邊協定，定期地或逐案地與其他締約國分享這類收益或財產或由變賣這類收益或財產所得的款項。
6.（a）如果收益已轉化或變換成其他財產，則應將此種財產視為收益的替代，對其採取本條所述的措施。
（b）如果收益已與得自合法來源的財產相混合，則在不損害任何扣押權或凍結權的情況下，應沒收此混合財產，但以不超過所混合的該項收益的估計價值為限。
（c）對從下述來源取得的收入或其他利益：
（一）收益；
（二）由收益轉化或變換成的財產；或
（三）已與收益相混合的財產，也應採取本條所述措施，在方式和程度上如同對待收益一樣。
7.各締約國可考慮確保關於指稱的收益或應予沒收的其他財產的合法來源的舉證責任可予顛倒，但這種行動應符合其國內法的原則和司法及其他程式的性質。
8.本條各項規定不得解釋為損害善意第三方的權利。
9.本條任何規定均不得影響其所述措施應依締約國的國內法並在該法規定的條件下加以確定和實施的原則。
Article 5（CONFISCATION）
1. Each Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to enable confiscation of：
(a)Proceeds derived from offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, or property the value of which corresponds to that of such proceeds；
(b)Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, materials and equipment or other instrumentalities used in or intended for use in any manner in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Each Party shall also adopt such measures as may be necessary to enable its competent authorities to identify, trace, and freeze or seize proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph 1 of this article, for the purpose of eventual confiscation.
3. In order to carry out the measures referred to in this article, each Party shall empower its courts or other competent authorities to order that bank, financial or commercial records be made available or be seized. A Party shall not decline to act under the provisions of this paragraph on the ground of bank secrecy.
4. (a)Following a request made pursuant to this article by another Party having jurisdiction over an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, the Party in whose territory proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph 1 of this article are situated shall：
(i)Submit the request to its competent authorities for the purpose of obtaining an order of confiscation and, if such order is granted, give effect to it； or
(ii)Submit to its competent authorities, with a view to giving effect to it to the extent requested, an order of confiscation issued by the requesting Party in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, in so far as it relates to proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph 1 situated in the territory of the requested Party.
(b)Following a request made pursuant to this article by another Party having jurisdiction over an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, the requested Party shall take measures to identify, trace, and freeze or seize proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph l of this article for the purpose of eventual confiscation to be ordered either by the requesting Party or, pursuant to a request under subparagraph a)of this paragraph, by the requested Party.
(c)The decisions or actions provided for in subparagraphs a)and b)of this paragraph shall be taken by the requested Party, in accordance with and subject to the provisions of its domestic law and its procedural rules or any bilateral or multilateral treaty, agreement or arrangement to which it may be bound in relation to the requesting Party.
(d)The provisions of article 7, paragraphs 6 to 19 are applicable mutatis mutandis. In addition to the information specified in article 7, paragraph 10, requests made pursuant to this article shall contain the following：
(i)In the case of a request pertaining to subparagraph a)i)of this paragraph, a description of the property to be confiscated and a statement of the facts relied upon by the requesting Party sufficient to enable the requested Party to seek the order under its domestic law；
(ii)In the case of a request pertaining to subparagraph a)ii), a legally admissible copy of an order of confiscation issued by the requesting Party upon which the request is based, a statement of the facts and information as to the extent to which the execution of the order is requested；
(iii)In the case of a request pertaining to subparagraph b), a statement of the facts relied upon by the requesting Party and a description of the actions requested.
(e)Each Party shall furnish to the Secretary-General the text of any of its laws and regulations which give effect to this paragraph and the text of any subsequent changes to such laws and regulations.
(f)If a Party elects to make the taking of the measures referred to in subparagraphs a)and b)of this paragraph conditional on the existence of a relevant treaty, that Party shall consider this Convention as the necessary and sufficient treaty basis.
(g)The Parties shall seek to conclude bilateral and multilateral treaties, agreements or arrangements to enhance the effectiveness of international co-operation pursuant to this article.
5. (a)Proceeds or property confiscated by a Party pursuant to paragraph 1 or paragraph 4 of this article shall be disposed of by that Party according to its domestic law and administrative procedures.
(b)When acting on the request of another Party in accordance with this article, a Party may give special consideration to concluding agreements on：
(i)Contributing the value of such proceeds and property, or funds derived from the sale of such proceeds or property, or a substantial part thereof, to intergovernmental bodies specializing in the fight against illicit traffic in and abuse of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances；
(ii)Sharing with other Parties, on a regular or case-by-case basis, such proceeds or property, or funds derived from the sale of such proceeds or property, in accordance with its domestic law, administrative procedures or bilateral or multilateral agreements entered into for this purpose.
6.(a)If proceeds have been transformed or converted into other property, such property shall be liable to the measures referred to in this article instead of the proceeds.
(b)If proceeds have been intermingled with property acquired from legitimate sources, such property shall, without prejudice to any powers relating to seizure or freezing, be liable to confiscation up to the assessed value of the intermingled proceeds. c)Income or other benefits derived from：
(i)Proceeds；
(ii)Property into which proceeds have been transformed or converted； or
(iii)Property with which proceeds have been intermingled shall also be liable to the measures referred to in this article, in the same manner and to the same extent as proceeds.
7. Each Party may consider ensuring that the onus of proof be reversed regarding the lawful origin of alleged proceeds or other property liable to confiscation, to the extent that such action is consistent with the principles of its domestic law and with the nature of the judicial and other proceedings.
8. The provisions of this article shall not be construed as prejudicing the rights of bona fide third parties.
9. Nothing contained in this article shall affect the principle that the measures to which it refers shall be defined and implemented in accordance with and subject to the provisions of the domestic law of a Party.
第6條（引渡）
1.本條應適用於締約國按照第3條第1款所確定的犯罪。
2.本條適用的各項犯罪均應視為締約國之間現行的任何引渡條約應予包括的可引渡的犯罪。各締約國承諾將此種犯罪作為可予引渡的犯罪列入它們之間將要締結的每一引渡條約之中。
3.如某一締約國要求引渡須以存在有一項條約為條件，在接到與之未訂有引渡條約的另一締約國的引渡請求時，它可將本公約視為就本條適用的任何犯罪進行引渡的法律依據。締約國若需具體立法才能將本公約當作引渡的法律依據，則應考慮制定可能必要的立法。
4.不以存在一項條約為引渡條件的締約國應承認本條所適用的犯罪為其相互間可予引渡的犯罪。
5.引渡應遵守被請求國法律或適用的引渡條約所規定的條件，包括被請求國可拒以拒絕引渡的理由。
6.被請求國在考慮根據本條提出的請求時，如果有充分理由使其司法或其他主管當局認為按該請求行事就會便利對任何人因其種族、宗教、國籍或政治觀點進行起訴或懲罰，或使受該請求影響的任何人由於上述任一原因而遭受損害，則可拒絕按該請求行事。
7.對於本條所適用的任何犯罪，締約國應努力加快引渡程式並簡化對有關證據的要求。
8.被請求國在不違背其國內法及其引渡條約各項規定的前提下，可在認定情況必要且緊迫時，應請求國的請求，將被要求引渡且在其領土上的人予以拘留，或採取其他適當措施，以確保該人在進行引渡程式時在場。
9.在不影響行使按照其國內法確立的任何刑事管轄權的情況下，在其領土內發現被指控的犯罪的締約國，（a）如果基於第4條第2款（a）項所列理由不引渡犯有按第3條第1款確定的罪行的人，則應將此案提交其主管當局以便起訴，除非與請求國另有協議；
（b）如果不引渡犯有此種罪行的人並按第4條第2款（b）項規定對此種犯罪確立其管轄權，則應將此案提交其主管當局以便起訴，除非請求國為保留其合法管轄權而另有請求。
10.為執行一項刑罰而要求的引渡，如果由於所要引渡的人為被請求國的國民而遭到拒絕，被請求國應在其法律允許並且符合該法律的要求的情況下，根據請求國的申請，考慮執行按請求國法律判處的該項刑罰或未滿的刑期。
11.各締約國應謀求締結雙邊和多邊協定以執行引渡或加強引渡的有效性。
12.締約國可考慮訂立雙邊或多邊協定，不論是特別的或一般的協定，將由於犯有本條適用的罪行而被判處監禁或以其他形式剝奪自由的人移交其本國，使他們可在那裏服滿其刑期。
Article 6（EXTRADITION）
1. This article shall apply to the offences established by the Parties in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Each of the offences to which this article applies shall be deemed to be included as an extraditable offence in any extradition treaty existing between Parties. The Parties undertake to include such offences as extraditable offences in every extradition treaty to be concluded between them.
3. If a Party which makes extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty receives a request for extradition from another Party with which it has no extradition treaty, it may consider this Convention as the legal basis for extradition in respect of any offence to which this article applies. The Parties which require detailed legislation in order to use this Convention as a legal basis for extradition shall consider enacting such legislation as may be necessary.
4. The Parties which do not make extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty shall recognize offences to which this article applies as extraditable offences between themselves.
5. Extradition shall be subject to the conditions provided for by the law of the requested Party or by applicable extradition treaties, including the grounds upon which the requested Party may refuse extradition.
6. In considering requests received pursuant to this article, the requested State may refuse to comply with such requests where there are substantial grounds leading its judicial or other competent authorities to believe that compliance would facilitate the prosecution or punishment of any person on account of his race, religion, nationality or political opinions, or would cause prejudice for any of those reasons to any person affected by the request.
7. The Parties shall endeavour to expedite extradition procedures and to simplify evidentiary requirements relating thereto in respect of any offence to which this article applies.
8. Subject to the provisions of its domestic law and its extradition treaties, the requested Party may, upon being satisfied that the circumstances so warrant and are urgent, and at the request of the requesting Party, take a person whose extradition is sought and who is present in its territory into custody or take other appropriate measures to ensure his presence at extradition proceedings. 7
9. Without prejudice to the exercise of any criminal jurisdiction established in accordance with its domestic law, a Party in whose territory an alleged offender is found shall：
(a)If it does not extradite him in respect of an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph l, on the grounds set forth in article 4, paragraph 2, subparagraph a), submit the case to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution, unless otherwise agreed with the requesting Party；
(b)If it does not extradite him in respect of such an offence and has established its jurisdiction in relation to that offence in accordance with article 4, paragraph 2, subparagraph b), submit the case to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution, unless otherwise requested by the requesting Party for the purposes of preserving its legitimate jurisdiction.
10. If extradition, sought for purposes of enforcing a sentence, is refused because the person sought is a national of the requested Party, the requested Party shall, if its law so permits and in conformity with the requirements of such law, upon application of the requesting Party, consider, the enforcement of the sentence which has been imposed under the law of the requesting Party, or the remainder thereof.
11. The Parties shall seek to conclude bilateral and multilateral agreements to carry out or to enhance the effectiveness of extradition.
12. The Parties may consider entering into bilateral or multilateral agreements, whether ad hoc or general, on the transfer to their country of persons sentenced to imprisonment and other forms of deprivation of liberty for offences to which this article applies, in order that they may complete their sentences there.
第7條（相互法律協助）
1.締約國應遵照本條規定，在對於按第3條第1款所確定的刑事犯罪進行的調查、起訴和司法程式中相互提供最廣泛的法律協助。
2.按照本條規定，可為下列任何目的提出相互法律協助的請求：
（a）獲取證據或個人證詞；
（b）送達司法檔；
（c）執行搜查及扣押；
（d）檢查物品和現場；
（e）提供情報和證物；
（f）提供有關檔及記錄的原件或經證明的副本，其中包括銀行、財務、公司或營業記錄；
（g）識別或追查收益、財產、工具或其他物品，以作為證據。
3.締約國可相互提供被請求國國內法所允許的任何其他形式的相互法律協助。
4.締約國應根據請求，在符合其國內法律和實踐的範圍內，便利或鼓勵那些同意協助調查或參與訴訟的人員，包括在押人員，出庭或在場。
5.締約國不得以保守銀行秘密為由拒絕提供本條規定的相互法律協助。
6.本條各項規定不得影響依任何其他全部或局部規範或將規範相互刑事法律協助問題的雙邊或多邊條約所承擔的義務。
7.本條第8至19款應適用於有關締約國不受一項相互法律協助條約約束時根據本條規定提出的請求。如果上述締約國受此類條約約束，則該條約相應條款應予適用，除非締約國同意適用本條第8至19款以取代之。
8.締約國應指定一個當局或在必要時指定若干當局，使之負責和有權執行關於相互法律協助的請求或將該請求轉交主管當局加以執行。應將為此目的指定的當局通知秘書長。相互法律協助請求的傳遞以及與此有關的任何聯繫均應通過締約國指定的當局進行；這一要求不得損害締約國要求通過外交管道以及在緊急和可能的情況下，經有關締約國同意，通過國際刑警組織管道傳遞這種請求和進行這種聯繫的權利。
9.請求應以被請求國能接受的語文書面提出。各締約國所能接受的語文應通知秘書長。在緊急情況下，如有關締約國同意，這種請求可以口頭方式提出，但應儘快加以書面確認。
10.相互法律協助的請求書應載有：
（a）提出請求的當局的身份；
（b）請求所涉的調查、起訴或訴訟的事由和性質，以及進行此項調查、起訴或訴訟的當局的名稱和職能；
（c）有關事實的概述，但為送達司法文件提出的請求除外；
（d）對請求協助的事項和請求國希望遵循的特殊程式細節的說明；
（e）可能時，任何有關人員的身份、所在地和國籍；
（f）索取證據、情報或要求採取行動的目的。
11.被請求國可要求提供補充情報，如果這種情報系按照其國內法執行該請求所必需或有助於執行該請求。
12.請求應根據被請求國的國內法予以執行。在不違反被請求國國內法的情況下，如有可能，還應遵循請求書中列明的程式。
13.請求國如事先未經被請求國同意，不得將被請求國提供的情報或證據轉交或用於請求書所述以外的調查、起訴或訴訟。
14.請求國可要求被請求國，除非為執行請求所必需，應對請求一事及其內容保密。如果被請求國不能遵守這一保密要求，它應立即通知請求國。
15.在下列情況下可拒絕提供相互法律協助：
（a）請求未按本條規定提出；
（b）被請求國認為執行請求可能損害其主權、安全、公共秩序或其他基本利益；
（c）若被請求國當局依其管轄權對任何類似犯罪進行調查、起訴或訴訟時，其國內法禁止執行對此類犯罪採取被請求的行動；
（d）同意此項請求將違反被請求國關於相互法律協助的法律制度。
16.拒絕相互協助時，應說明理由。
17.相互法律協助可因與正在進行的調查、起訴或訴訟發生衝突而暫緩進行。在此情況下，被請求國應與請求國磋商，以決定是否可按被請求國認為必要的條件提供協助。
18.同意到請求國就一項訴訟作證或對一項調查、起訴或司法程式提供協助的證人、專家或其他人員，不應由於其離開被請求國領土之前的行為、不行為或定罪而在請求國領土內受到起訴、拘禁、懲罰或對其人身自由施加任何其他限制。如該證人或專家或個人已得到正式通知，司法當局不再需要其到場，自通知之日起連續十五天或在締約國所議定的任何期限內有機會離開，但仍自願留在該國境內，或在離境後又出於自己的意願返回，則此項安全保障即予停止。
19.執行請求的一般費用應由被請求國承擔，除非有關締約國另有協議。如執行該請求需支付巨額或特殊性質的費用，有關締約國應相互協商，以確定執行該請求的條件以及承擔費用的辦法。
20.締約國應視需要考慮締結旨在實現本條目的、具體實施或加強本條規定的雙邊或多邊協定或安排的可能性。
Article 7（MUTUAL LEGAL ASSISTANCE）
1. The Parties shall afford one another, pursuant to this article, the widest measure of mutual legal assistance in investigations, prosecutions and judicial proceedings in relation to criminal offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Mutual legal assistance to be afforded in accordance with this article may be requested for any of the following purposes：
(a)Taking evidence or statements from persons；
(b)Effecting service of judicial documents；
(c)Executing searches and seizures；
(d)Examining objects and sites；
(e)Providing information and evidentiary items；
(f)Providing originals or certified copies of relevant documents and records, including bank, financial, corporate or business records；
(g)Identifying or tracing proceeds, property, instrumentalities or other things for evidentiary purposes.
3. The Parties may afford one another any other forms of mutual legal assistance allowed by the domestic law of the requested Party.
4. Upon request, the Parties shall facilitate or encourage, to the extent consistent with their domestic law and practice, the presence or availability of persons, including persons in custody, who consent to assist in investigations or participate in proceedings.
5. A Party shall not decline to render mutual legal assistance under this article on the ground of bank secrecy.
6. The provisions of this article shall not affect the obligations under any other treaty, bilateral or multilateral, which governs or will govern, in whole or in part, mutual legal assistance in criminal matters.
7. Paragraphs 8 to 19 of this article shall apply to requests made pursuant to this article if the Parties in question are not bound by a treaty of mutual legal assistance. If these Parties are bound by such a treaty, the corresponding provisions of that treaty shall apply unless the Parties agree to apply paragraphs 8 to 19 of this article in lieu thereof.
8. Parties shall designate an authority, or when necessary authorities, which shall have the responsibility and power to execute requests for mutual legal assistance or to transmit them to the competent authorities for execution. The authority or the authorities designated for this purpose shall be notified to the Secretary-General. Transmission of requests for mutual legal assistance and any communication related thereto shall be effected between the authorities designated by the Parties； this requirement shall be without prejudice to the right of a Party to require that such requests and communications be addressed to it through the diplomatic channel and, in urgent circumstances, where the Parties agree, through channels of the International Criminal Police Organization, if possible.
9. Requests shall be made in writing in a language acceptable to the requested Party. The language or languages acceptable to each Party shall be notified to the Secretary-General. In urgent circumstances, and where agreed by the Parties, requests may be made orally, but shall be confirmed in writing forthwith.
10. A request for mutual legal assistance shall contain：
(a)The identity of the authority making the request；
(b)The subject matter and nature of the investigation, prosecution or proceeding to which the request relates, and the name and the functions of the authority conducting such investigation, prosecution or proceeding；
(c)A summary of the relevant facts, except in respect of requests for the purpose of service of judicial documents；
(d)A description of the assistance sought and details of any particular procedure the requesting Party wishes to be followed；
(e)Where possible, the identity, location and nationality of any person concerned；
(f)The purpose for which the evidence, information or action is sought.
11. The requested Party may request additional information when it appears necessary for the execution of the request in accordance with its domestic law or when it can facilitate such execution.
12. A request shall be executed in accordance with the domestic law of the requested Party and, to the extent not contrary to the domestic law of the requested Party and where possible, in accordance with the procedures specified in the request.
13. The requesting Party shall not transmit nor use information or evidence furnished by the requested Party for investigations, prosecutions or proceedings other than those stated in the request without the prior consent of the requested Party.
14. The requesting Party may require that the requested Party keep confidential the fact and substance of the request, except to the extent necessary to execute the request. If the requested Party cannot comply with the requirement of confidentiality, it shall promptly inform the requesting Party.
15. Mutual legal assistance may be refused：
(a)If the request is not made in conformity with the provisions of this article；
(b)If the requested Party considers that execution of the request is likely to prejudice its sovereignty, security, ordre public or other essential interests；
(c)If the authorities of the requested Party would be prohibited by its domestic law from carrying out the action requested with regard to any similar offence, had it been subject to investigation, prosecution or proceedings under their own jurisdiction；
(d)If it would be contrary to the legal system of the requested Party relating to mutual legal assistance for the request to be granted.
16. Reasons shall be given for any refusal of mutual legal assistance.
17. Mutual legal assistance may be postponed by the requested Party on the ground that it interferes with an ongoing investigation, prosecution or proceeding. In such a case, the requested Party shall consult with the requesting Party to determine if the assistance can still be given subject to such terms and conditions as the requested Party deems necessary.
18. A witness, expert or other person who consents to give evidence in a proceeding or to assist in an investigation, prosecution or judicial proceeding in the territory of the requesting Party, shall not be prosecuted, detained, punished or subjected to any other restriction of his personal liberty in that territory in respect of acts, omissions or convictions prior to his departure from the territory of the requested Party. Such safe conduct shall cease when the witness, expert or other person having had, for a period of fifteen consecutive days, or for any period agreed upon by the Parties, from the date on which 9he has been officially informed that his presence is no longer required by the judicial authorities, an opportunity of leaving, has nevertheless remained voluntarily in the territory or, having left it, has returned of his own free will.
19. The ordinary costs of executing a request shall be borne by the requested Party, unless otherwise agreed by the Parties concerned. If expenses of a substantial or extraordinary nature are or will be required to fulfil the request, the Parties shall consult to determine the terms and conditions under which the request will be executed as well as the manner in which the costs shall be borne.
20. The Parties shall consider, as may be necessary, the possibility of concluding bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements that would serve the purposes of, give practical effect to, or enhance the provisions of this article.
第8條（移交訴訟）
締約國應考慮對於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的刑事起訴相互移交訴訟的可能性，如果此種移交被認為有利於適當的司法處置。
Article 8（TRANSFER OF PROCEEDINGS）
The Parties shall give consideration to the possibility of transferring to one another proceedings for criminal prosecution of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, in cases where such transfer is considered to be in the interests of a proper administration of justice.
第9條（其他形式的合作和培訓）
1.締約國應在符合其各自國內法律和行政制度的情況下，相互密切合作，以期增強為制止按第3條第1款確定的犯罪而採取的執法行動的有效性。締約國特別應根據雙邊或多邊的協定或安排：
（a）建立並保持其主管機構和部門之間的聯繫管道，以利於安全而迅速地交換關於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪各個方面的情報，如有關締約國認為適當，包括與其他犯罪活動的聯繫的情報；
（b）相互合作，對於按第3條第1款確定的帶有國際性質的犯罪，進行有關下述方面的調查：
（一）嫌疑涉及按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的人的身份、行蹤和活動；
（二）得自此種犯罪的收益或財產的轉移情況；
（三）用於或意圖用於進行此類犯罪的麻醉藥品、精神藥物、本公約表一和表二所列物質以及工具的轉移情況；
（c）在適當的案件中並在不違背其國內法的前提下，建立聯合小組執行本款規定，同時應考慮到必須保護人員安全和執法活動的安全。參加聯合小組的任何締約國官員均應按擬在其領土上進行執法活動的締約國有關當局的授權行事；在所有這些情況下，所涉締約國應確保充分尊重擬在其領土上進行執法活動的締約國的主權；
（d）酌情提供必要數量的某些物質供分析或調查之用；
（e）便利其主管機構和部門之間的有效協調，並促進人員和其他專家的交流，適當時包括派駐聯絡官員。
2.各締約國應在必要的範圍內提出、制訂或改進對其負責制止按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的執法人員和其他人員，包括海關人員的具體培訓方案。此種方案應特別包括下述方面：
（a）對於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的偵查和制止方法；
（b）嫌疑涉及按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的人使用的路線和技術，特別是在過境國使用的路線和技術，以及適當的對付辦法；
（c）對麻醉藥品、精神藥物和表一和表二所列物質進出口情況的監測；
（d）對來自按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的收益和財產的轉移情況，以及用於或意圖用於此種犯罪的麻醉藥品、精神藥物和表一和表二所列物質和工具的轉移情況的偵查和監測；
（e）轉讓、隱瞞或掩飾這類收益、財產和工具的方法；
（f）證據的收集；
（g）在自由貿易區和自由港的管制技術；
（h）現代化執法技術。
3.締約國應相互協助計畫和實施旨在交流本條第2款所述各領域專門知識的研究與培訓方案，為此目的，還應酌情利用區域和國際會議及研討會，促進合作和促使討論共同關心的問題，包括過境國的特殊問題和需要。
Article 9（OTHER FORMS OF CO-OPERATION AND TRAINING）
1. The Parties shall co-operate closely with one another, consistent with their respective domestic legal and administrative systems, with a view to enhancing the effectiveness of law enforcement action to suppress the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1. They shall, in particular, on the basis of bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements：
(a)Establish and maintain channels of communication between their competent agencies and services to facilitate the secure and rapid exchange of information concerning all aspects of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, including, if the Parties concerned deem it appropriate, links with other criminal activities；
(b)Co-operate with one another in conducting enquiries, with respect to offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, having an international character, concerning：
(i)The identity, whereabouts and activities of persons suspected of being involved in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
(ii)The movement of proceeds or property derived from the commission of such offences；
(iii)The movement of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, substances in Table I and Table II of this Convention and instrumentalities used or intended for use in the commission of such offences；
(c)In appropriate cases and if not contrary to domestic law, establish joint teams, taking into account the need to protect the security of persons and of operations, to carry out the provisions of this paragraph. Officials of any Party taking part in such teams shall act as authorized by the appropriate authorities of the Party in whose territory the operation is to take place； in all such cases, the Parties involved shall ensure that the sovereignty of the Party on whose territory the operation is to take place is fully respected；
(d)Provide, when appropriate, necessary quantities of substances for analytical or investigative purposes；
(e)Facilitate effective co-ordination between their competent agencies and services and promote the exchange of personnel and other experts, including the posting of liaison officers.
2. Each Party shall, to the extent necessary, initiate, develop or improve specific training programmes for its law enforcement and other personnel, including customs, charged with the suppression of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1. Such programmes shall deal, in particular, with the following：
(a)Methods used in the detection and suppression of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
(b)Routes and techniques used by persons suspected of being involved in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, particularly in transit States, and appropriate countermeasures；
(c)Monitoring of the import and export of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II；
(d)Detection and monitoring of the movement of proceeds and property derived from, and narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II, and instrumentalities used or intended for use in, the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
(e)Methods used for the transfer, concealment or disguise of such proceeds, property and instrumentalities；
(f)Collection of evidence；
(g)Control techniques in free trade zones and free ports；
(h)Modem law enforcement techniques.
3. The Parties shall assist one another to plan, and implement research and training programmes designed to share expertise in the areas referred to in paragraph 2 of this article and, to this end, shall also, when appropriate, use regional and international conferences and seminars to promote co-operation and stimulate discussion on problems of mutual concern, including the special problems and needs of transit States.
第10條（國際合作與援助過境國）
1.締約國應直接或通過主管國際組織或區域組織進行合作，通過關於攔截和其他有關活動的技術合作方案，盡可能協助和支援過境國，特別是需要這種協助和支援的發展中國家。
2.締約國可直接或通過主管國際組織或區域組織，承諾向這些過境國提供財政援助，以便充實和加強為有效控制和預防非法販運所需的基礎設施。
3.締約國可締結雙邊或多邊協定或安排，增強依本條規定進行的國際合作的有效性，並可考慮這方面的財務安排。
Article 10（INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION AND ASSISTANCE FOR TRANSIT STATES）
1. The Parties shall co-operate, directly or through competent international or regional organizations, to assist and support transit States and, in particular, developing countries in need of such assistance and support, to the extent possible, through programmes of technical co-operation on interdiction and other related activities.
2. The Parties may undertake, directly or through competent international or regional organizations, to provide financial assistance to such transit States for the purpose of augmenting and strengthening the infrastructure needed for effective control and prevention of illicit traffic.
3. The Parties may conclude bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements to enhance the effectiveness of international co-operation pursuant to this article and may take into consideration financial arrangements in this regard.
第11條（控制下交付）
1.在其國內法律制度基本原則允許的情況下，締約國應在可能的範圍內採取必要措施，根據相互達成的協定或安排，在國際一級適當使用控制下交付，以便查明涉及按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的人，並對之採取法律行動。
2.使用控制下交付的決定應在逐案基礎上作出，並可在必要時考慮財務安排和關於由有關締約國行使管轄權的諒解。
3.在有關締約國同意下，可以攔截已同意對之實行控制下交付的非法交運貨物，並允許將麻醉藥品或精神藥物原封不動地繼續運送或在將其完全或部分取出或替代後繼續運送。
Article 11（CONTROLLED DELIVERY）
1. If permitted by the basic principles of their respective domestic legal systems, the Parties shall take the necessary measures, within their possibilities, to allow for the appropriate use of controlled delivery at the international level, on the basis of agreements or arrangements mutually consented to, with a view to identifying persons involved in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, and to taking legal action against them.
2. Decisions to use controlled delivery shall be made on a case-by-case basis and may, when necessary, take into consideration financial arrangements and understandings with respect to the exercise of jurisdiction by the Parties concerned.
3. Illicit consignments whose controlled delivery is agreed to may, with the consent of the Parties concerned, be intercepted and allowed to continue with the narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances intact or removed or replaced in whole or in part.
第12條（經常用於非法製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物的物質）
1.締約國應採取其認為適當的措施，防止表一和表二所列物質被挪用於非法製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物，並應為此目的相互合作。
2.如某一締約國或麻管局根據其掌握的情報認為需要將某一物質列入表一或表二，則該締約國或麻管局應通知秘書長，同時附上該通知所依據的情報。如某一締約國或麻管局擁有情報證明應將某一物質從表一或表二中刪除，或從一個表轉到另一個表，則本條第2至第7款所述程式亦應適用。
3.秘書長應將此項通知連同其認為有關的任何情報轉送各締約國和麻委會，如此項通知系由一締約國發出，則應同時轉送麻管局。各締約國應將其對該通知的意見以及可能有助於麻管局作出評價和有助於麻委會作出決定的所有補充情報送交秘書長。
4.如果麻管局在考慮了該物質合法使用的範圍、重要性和多樣性，以及利用其他替代物質供合法用途和非法製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物之用的可能性與難易程度之後，認為：
（a）該物質經常用於非法製造某一麻醉藥品或精神藥物；
（b）非法製造某一麻醉藥品或精神藥物的數量和範圍造成了嚴重的公眾健康問題或社會問題，因而需要採取國際行動，則麻管局應告知麻委會它對該物質的評價，包括把該物質列入表一或表二後對合法使用及非法製造所可能造成的影響，以及根據這一評價所建議的任何適當監測措施。
5.麻管局在科學問題上的評價應是決定性的。麻委會在考慮了各締約國提交的意見以及麻管局提出的意見和建議並適當考慮任何其他有關因素之後，可由其成員的三分之二多數作出決定，將某一物質列入表一或表二。
6.麻委會按照本條作出的任何決定，應由秘書長通知所有國家和已成為或有資格成為本公約締約方的其他實體以及麻管局。這一決定自通知之日起一百八十天后即對各締約國完全生效。
7.（a）對麻委會根據本條作出的決定，在發出關於該決定的通知之日起一百八十天內，如有任一締約國提出請求，理事會便應對該決定進行審查。要求審查的請求應連同該項請求所根據的全部有關情報一併送交秘書長。
（b）秘書長應將要求審查的請求及有關情報的副本轉送麻委會、麻管局及所有締約國，請其於九十天之內提出意見。所有收到的意見均應提交理事會審議。
（c）理事會可確認或撤銷麻委會的決定。有關理事會決定的通知應轉送所有國家和已成為或有資格成為本公約締約方的其他實體、麻委會和麻管局。
8.（a）只要不影響本條第1款所載規定以及《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》和《1971年公約》各項規定的普遍性，締約國應採取其認為適當的措施，監測在其領土內進行的製造和分銷表一和表二所列物質的活動。
（b）為此目的，締約國可：
（一）控制所有從事製造和分銷此種物質的個人和企業；
（二）以執照控制可進行這種製造或分銷的單位和場所；
（三）要求執照持有者取得從事上述業務的許可；
（四）防止製造者和分銷者囤積的此種物質超出正常業務和市場基本狀況所需的數量。
9.各締約國應就表一和表二所列物質採取下列措施：
（a）建立並實施監測表一和表二所列物質的國際貿易的制度，以便查明可疑交易。這類監測制度應同製造商、進口商、出口商、批發商和零售商密切合作予以實施，他們應向主管當局報告可疑訂貨和交易；
（b）規定扣押有充分證據證明被用於非法製造某一麻醉藥品或精神藥物的表一或表二所列的任何物質；
（c）如有理由懷疑進出口或過境的表一或表二所列某一物質將被用於非法製造麻醉藥品和精神藥物，則應儘快通知有關締約國的主管當局和部門，其中應特別包括關於支付手段和引起懷疑的任何其他主要因素的情報；
（d）要求進出口貨物應貼上適當標籤，並附有必要的單據。在發票、載貨清單、海關、運輸及其他貨運單證等商業文件中應按表一或表二所定的名稱寫明進口或出口的物質的名稱、進口或出口的數量，以及進口商、出口商和所掌握的收貨人的姓名和地址；
（e）確保本款（d）項所述的單證至少保存兩年，並可提供主管當局檢查。
10.（a）除本條第9款的規定之外，根據有利害關係的締約國向秘書長提出的請求，有表一所列物質將從其領土輸出的各締約國，應確保在輸出前由其主管當局向進口國的主管當局提供下列情報：
（一）出口商、進口商和所掌握的收貨人的姓名和地址；
（二）表一所列物質的名稱；
（三）該物質將要出口的數量；
（四）預期的入境口岸和預期的發運日期；
（五）締約國相互議定的任何其他情報。
（b）如締約國認為可取或必要，可制訂比本款規定更為嚴格或嚴厲的控制措施。
11.如某一締約國按本條第9和第10款規定向另一締約國提供情報，則提供此情報的締約國可要求接受該情報的締約國對任何貿易、業務、商業或專業機密或貿易過程保密。
12.各締約國應按麻管局所規定的形式和方法，並用其所提供的表格，每年向麻管局提供如下情報：
（a）表一和表二所列物質的緝獲量，以及所知悉的來源；
（b）任何未列入表一或表二但查明已用於非法製造麻醉藥品或精神藥物且締約國認為其嚴重性足以提請麻管局注意的物質；
（c）挪用和非法製造的方法。
13.麻管局應每年向麻委會報告本條的執行情況，麻委會應定期審查表一和表二是否充分和適當。
14.本條規定不適用於藥用製劑，也不適用於含有表一或表二所列物質但其複方混合方式使此種物質不能以方便的手段容易地加以使用或回收的其他製劑。
Article 12（SUBSTANCES FREQUENTLY USED IN THE ILLICIT MANUFACTURE OF NARCOTIC DRUGS OR PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES）
1. The Parties shall take the measures they deem appropriate to prevent diversion of substances in Table I and Table II used for the purpose of illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, and shall co-operate with one another to this end.
2. If a Party or the Board has information which in its opinion may require the inclusion of a substance in Table I or Table II, it shall notify the Secretary-General and furnish him with the information in support of that notification. The procedure described in paragraphs 2 to 7 of this article shall also apply when a Party or the Board has information justifying the deletion of a substance from Table I or Table II, or the transfer of a substance from one Table to the other.
3. The Secretary-General shall transmit such notification, and any information which he considers relevant, to the Parties, to the Commission, and, where notification is made by a Party, to the Board. The Parties shall communicate their comments concerning the notification to the Secretary-General, together with all supplementary information which may assist the Board in establishing an assessment and the Commission in reaching a decision.
4. If the Board, taking into account the extent, importance and diversity of the licit use of the substance, and the possibility and ease of using alternate substances both for licit purposes and for the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, finds：
(a)That the substance is frequently used in the illicit manufacture of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance；
(b)That the volume and extent of the illicit manufacture of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance creates serious public health or social problems, so as to warrant international action,it shall communicate to the Commission an assessment of the substance, including the likely effect of adding the substance to either Table I or Table II on both licit use and illicit manufacture, together with recommendations of monitoring measures, if any, that would be appropriate in the light of its assessment.
5. The Commission, taking into account the comments submitted by the Parties and the comments and recommendations of the Board, whose assessment shall be determinative as to scientific matters, and also taking into due consideration any other relevant factors, may decide by a two-thirds majority of its members to place a substance in Table I or Table II.
6. Any decision of the Commission taken pursuant to this article shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all States and other entities which are, or which are entitled to become, Parties to this Convention, and to the Board. Such decision shall become fully effective with respect to each Party one hundred and eighty days after the date of such communication.
7. (a)The decisions of the Commission taken under this article shall be subject to review by the Council upon the request of any Party filed within one hundred and eighty days after the date of notification of the decision. The request for review shall be sent to the Secretary-General, together with all relevant information upon which the request for review is based.
(b)The Secretary-General shall transmit copies of the request for review and the relevant information to the Commission, to the Board and to all the Parties, inviting them to submit their comments within ninety days. All comments received shall be submitted to the Council for consideration.
(c)The Council may confirm or reverse the decision of the Commission. Notification of the Council’s decision shall be transmitted to all States and other entities which are, or which are entitled to become, Parties to this Convention, to the Commission and to the Board.
8.(a)Without prejudice to the generality of the provisions contained in paragraph 1 of this article and the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention, the Parties shall take the measures they deem appropriate to monitor the manufacture and distribution of substances in Table I and Table Il which are carried out within their territory.
(b)To this end, the Parties may：
(i)Control all persons and enterprises engaged in the manufacture and distribution of such substances；
(ii)Control under licence the establishment and premises in which such manufacture or distribution may take place；
(ii)Require that licensees obtain a permit for conducting the aforesaid operations；
(iv))Prevent the accumulation of such substances in the possession of manufacturers and distributors, in excess of the quantities required for the normal conduct of business and the prevailing market conditions.
9. Each Party shall, with respect to substances in Table I and Table II, take the following measures：
(a)Establish and maintain a system to monitor international trade in substances in Table I and Table II in order to facilitate the identification of suspicious transactions. Such monitoring systems shall be applied in close co-operation with manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers and retailers, who shall inform the competent authorities of suspicious orders and transactions.
(b)Provide for the seizure of any substance in Table I or Table II if there is sufficient evidence that it is for use in the illicit manufacture of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance.
(c)Notify, as soon as possible, the competent authorities and services of the Parties concerned if there is reason to believe that the import, export or transit of a substance in Table I or Table II is destined for the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, including in particular information about the means of payment and any other essential elements which led to that belief.
(d)Require that imports and exports be properly labelled and documented. Commercial documents such as invoices, cargo manifests, customs, transport and other shipping documents shall include the names, as stated in Table I or Table II, of the substances being imported or exported, the quantity being imported or exported, and the name and address of the exporter, the importer and, when available, the consignee.
(e)Ensure that documents referred to in subparagraph d)of this paragraph are maintained for a period of not less than two years and may be made available for inspection by the competent authorities.
10. a)In addition to the provisions of paragraph 9, and upon request to the Secretary-General by the interested Party, each Party from whose territory a substance in Table I is to be exported shall ensure that, prior to such export, the following information is supplied by its competent authorities to the competent authorities of the importing country：
(i)Name and address of the exporter and importer and, when available, the consignee；
(ii)Name of the substance in Table I；
(iii)Quantity of the substance to be exported；
(iv))Expected point of entry and expected date of dispatch；
(v)Any other information which is mutually agreed upon by the Parties.
(b)A Party may adopt more strict or severe measures of control than those provided by this paragraph if, in its opinion, such measures are desirable or necessary.
11. Where a Party furnishes information to another Party in accordance with paragraphs 9 and 10 of this article, the Party furnishing such information may require that the Party receiving it keep confidential any trade, business, commercial or professional secret or trade process.
12. Each Party shall furnish annually to the Board, in the form and manner provided for by it and on forms made available by it, information on：
(a)The amounts seized of substances in Table I and Table II and, when known, their origin；
(b)Any substance not included in Table I or Table II which is identified as having been used in illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, and which is deemed by the Party to be sufficiently significant to be brought to the attention of the Board；
(c)Methods of diversion and illicit manufacture.
13. The Board shall report annually to the Commission on the implementation of this article and the Commission shall periodically review the adequacy and propriety of Table I and Table II. 13
14. The provisions of this article shall not apply to pharmaceutical preparations, nor to other preparations containing substances in Table I or Table II that are compounded in such a way that such substances cannot be easily used or recovered by readily applicable means.
第13條（材料和設備）
締約國應採取其認為適當的措施，防止為非法生產或製造麻醉藥品和精神藥物而買賣和挪用材料和設備，並應為此目的進行合作。
Article 13（MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT）
The Parties shall take such measures as they deem appropriate to prevent trade in and the diversion of materials and equipment for illicit production or manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and shall co-operate to this end.
第14條（根除非法種植含麻醉品成分植物和消除對麻醉藥品與精神藥物非法需求的措施）
1.締約國遵照本公約採取的任何措施，其嚴厲程度應不低於《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》和《1971年公約》中適用於根除非法種植含有麻醉藥品或精神藥物成分的植物以及消除對麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法需求的規定。
2.各締約國應採取適當措施防止非法種植並根除在其領土上非法種植的含有麻醉藥品或精神藥物成分的植物，諸如罌粟、古柯和大麻植物。所採取的措施應尊重基本人權，並應適當考慮到有歷史證明的傳統性正當用途以及對環境的保護。
3.（a）締約國可相互合作，以增強根除活動的有效性。這種合作除其他形式外，可酌情包括支援農村綜合發展，以便採用經濟上可行的辦法取代非法種植。在實施這種農村發展方案前，應考慮到諸如進入市場、資源供應和現有的社會經濟條件等因素。締約國可商定任何其他適當的合作措施。
（b）締約國還應便利科技情報的交流並進行有關根除活動的研究。
（c）凡有共同邊界的締約國，應設法相互合作，在各自沿邊界地區實施根除方案。
4.締約國應採取適當措施，消除或減少對麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法需求，以減輕個人痛苦並消除非法販運的經濟刺激因素。除其他外，這些措施可參照聯合國、世界衛生組織等聯合國專門機構及其他主管國際組織的建議，以及1987年麻醉品濫用和非法販運問題國際會議通過的《綜合性多學科綱要》，該綱要涉及政府和非政府機構及個人在預防、治療和康復領域應作出的努力。締約國可達成旨在消除或減少對麻醉藥品和精神藥物的非法需求的雙邊或多邊協定或安排。
5.締約國也可採取必要措施，及早銷毀或依法處理已經扣押或沒收的麻醉藥品、精神藥物和表一與表二所列的物質，以及接受經適當證明的必要數量的這類物質作出證據。
Article 14（MEASURES TO ERADICATE ILLICIT CULTIVATION OF NARCOTIC PLANTS AND TO ELIMINATE ILLICIT DEMAND FOR NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES.）
1. Any measures taken pursuant to this Convention by Parties shall not be less stringent than the provisions applicable to the eradication of illicit cultivation of plants containing narcotic and psychotropic substances and to the elimination of illicit demand for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances under the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention.
2. Each Party shall take appropriate measures to prevent illicit cultivation of and to eradicate plants containing narcotic or psychotropic substances, such as opium poppy, coca bush and cannabis plants, cultivated illicitly in its territory. The measures adopted shall respect fundamental human rights and shall take due account of traditional licit uses, where there is historic evidence of such use, as well as the protection of the environment.
3. (a)The Parties may co-operate to increase the effectiveness of eradication efforts. Such co-operation may, inter alia, include support, when appropriate, for integrated rural development leading to economically viable alternatives to illicit cultivation. Factors such as access to markets, the availability of resources and prevailing socio-economic conditions should be taken into account before such rural development programmes are implemented. The Parties may agree on any other appropriate measures of co-operation.
(b)The Parties shall also facilitate the exchange of scientific and technical information and the conduct of research concerning eradication.
(c)Whenever they have common frontiers, the Parties shall seek to co-operate in eradication programmes in their respective areas along those frontiers.
4. The Parties shall adopt appropriate measures aimed at eliminating or reducing illicit demand for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, with a view to reducing human suffering and eliminating financial incentives for illicit traffic. These measures may be based, inter alia, on the recommendations of the United Nations, specialized agencies of the United Nations such as the World Health Organization, and other competent international organizations, and on the Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Outline adopted by the International Conference on Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, held in 1987, as it pertains to governmental and non-governmental agencies and private efforts in the fields of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. The Parties may enter into bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements aimed at eliminating or reducing illicit demand for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
5. The Parties may also take necessary measures for early destruction or lawful disposal of the narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II which have been seized or confiscated and for the admissibility as evidence of duly certified necessary quantities of such substances.
第15條（商業承運人）
1.締約國應採取適當措施以確保商業承運人經營的運輸工具不被用於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪；這類措施可包括與商業承運人的特別安排。
2.各締約國應要求商業承運人採取合理預防措施，防止其運輸工具被用於按第3條第1款確定的犯罪。這類預防措施可包括：
（a）如果商業承運人的主要營業地設在該締約國領土內：
（一）訓練人員識別可疑的貨運或可疑的人；
（二）提高工作人員的品德；
（b）如果商業承運人在該締約國領土內經營業務：
（一）盡可能事先提供載貨清單；
（二）在集裝箱上使用可逐一查驗並可防作弊的封志；
（三）儘早將可能涉及按第3條第1款確定的犯罪的一切可疑情況報告有關當局。
3.各締約國應力求確保商業承運人與出入境口岸及其他海關管制區的有關當局合作，防止擅自接觸運輸工具和貨物，並執行適當的安全措施。
Article 15（COMMERCIAL CARRIERS）
1. The Parties shall take appropriate measures to ensure that means of transport operated by commercial carriers are not used in the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1； such measures may include special arrangements with commercial carriers.
2. Each Party shall require commercial carriers to take reasonable precautions to prevent the use of their means of transport for the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1. Such precautions may include：
(a)If the principal place of business of a commercial carrier is within the territory of the Party：
(i)Training of personnel to identify suspicious consignments or persons；
(ii)Promotion of integrity of personnel；
(b)If a commercial carrier is operating within the territory of the Party：
(i)Submission of cargo manifests in advance, whenever possible；
(ii)Use of tamper-resistant, individually verifiable seals on containers；
(iii)Reporting to the appropriate authorities at the earliest opportunity all suspicious circumstances that may be related to the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
3. Each Party shall seek to ensure that commercial carriers and the appropriate authorities at points of entry and exit and other customs control areas co-operate, with a view to preventing unauthorized access to means of transport and cargo and to implementing appropriate security measures.
第16條（商業單證和出口貨物標籤）
1.各締約國應要求合法出口的麻醉藥品和精神藥物單證齊全。除了遵循《1961年公約》第31條和經修正的《1961年公約》第31條及《1971年公約》第12條關於提供單證的規定外，應在發票、載貨清單、海關、運輸及其他貨運單證等商業文件上按《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》和《1971年公約》附表所定的名稱寫明出口的麻醉藥品和精神藥物的名稱、出口數量，以及出口商、進口商和所掌握的收貨人的姓名和地址。
2.各締約國應要求，出口的麻醉藥品和精神藥物貨物所貼標籤準確無誤。
Article 16（COMMERCIAL DOCUMENTS AND LABELLING OF EXPORTS）
1. Each Party shall require that lawful exports of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances be properly documented. In addition to the requirements for documentation under article 31 of the 1961 Convention, article 31 of the 1961 Convention as amended and article 12 of the 1971 Convention, commercial documents such as invoices, cargo manifests, customs, transport and other shipping documents shall include the names of the narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances being exported as set out in the respective Schedules of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention, the quantity being exported, and the name and address of the exporter, the importer and, when available, the consignee.
2. Each Party shall require that consignments of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances being exported be not mislabelled.
第17條（海上非法販運）
1.締約國應盡可能充分合作，依照國際海洋法制止海上非法販運。
2.締約國如有正當理由懷疑懸掛其國旗或未掛旗或未示註冊標誌的船隻在進行非法販運，可請求其他締約國協助，以制止將該船用於此種目的。被請求的締約國應盡其所能提供此種協助。
3.締約國如有正當理由懷疑懸掛另一締約國國旗或顯示該國註冊標誌的船隻雖按國際法行使航行自由但卻在從事非法販運，可將此事通知船旗國，請其確認註冊情況，並可在註冊情況獲得確認後，請船旗國援助對該船採取適當措施。
4.按照本條第3款，或按照請求國和船旗國之間有效的條約，或按照其相互達成的任何其他協議或安排，除其他事項外，船旗國還可授權請求國：
（a）登船；
（b）搜查船隻；
（c）如查獲涉及非法販運的證據，對該船隻、船上人員和貨物採取適當行動。
5.如依本條採取行動，有關締約國應適當注意不得危害海上生命安全，該船隻和貨物的安全，也不得損害該船旗國或任何其他有關國家的商業和法律利益。
6.只要符合本條第1款所規定的義務，船旗國可使其授權服從它與請求國之間相互議定的條件，包括關於責任的條件。
7.為本條第3和第4款的目的，締約國應以迅捷的方式答復另一締約國要求確定懸掛其國旗的船隻是否有此權利的請求，並答復根據第3款規定提出的授權請求。各締約國在成為本公約締約國時，應指定一個機構，或必要時指定若干機構接受並答復這類請求。這類指定應在指定後一個月內通過秘書長通知其他所有締約國。
8.已按照本條採取了任何行動的締約國，應將行動的結果迅速通知有關船旗國。
9.締約國應考慮達成雙邊和區域協定或安排，以執行本條各項規定或增強其有效性。
10.根據本條第4款採取的行動只能由軍艦或軍用飛機、或具有執行公務的明顯可識別標記並獲得有關授權的船舶或飛機進行。
11.根據本條採取任何行動均應適當注意有必要不干預或影響沿海國依國際海洋法具有的權利和義務及其管轄權的行使。
Article 17（ILLICIT TRAFFIC BY SEA）
1. The Parties shall co-operate to the fullest extent possible to suppress illicit traffic by sea, in conformity with the international law of the sea.
2. A Party which has reasonable grounds to suspect that a vessel flying its flag or not displaying a flag or marks of registry is engaged in illicit traffic may request the assistance of other Parties in suppressing its use for that purpose. The Parties so requested shall render such assistance within the means available to them.
3. A Party which has reasonable grounds to suspect that a vessel exercising freedom of navigation in accordance with international law, and flying the flag or displaying marks of registry of another Party is engaged in illicit traffic may so notify the flag State, request confirmation of registry and, if confirmed, request authorization from the flag State to take appropriate measures in regard to that vessel.
4. In accordance with paragraph 3 or in accordance with treaties in force between them or in accordance with any agreement or arrangement otherwise reached between those Parties, the flag State may authorize the requesting State to, inter aria：
(a)Board the vessel；
(b)Search the vessel；
(c)If evidence of involvement in illicit traffic is found, take appropriate action with respect to the vessel, persons and cargo on board.
5. Where action is taken pursuant to this article, the Parties concerned shall take due account of the need not to endanger the safety of life at sea, the security of the vessel and the cargo or to prejudice the commercial and legal interests of the flag State or any other interested State.
6. The flag State may, consistent with its obligations in paragraph 1 of this article, subject its authorization to conditions to be mutually agreed between it and the requesting Party, including conditions relating to responsibility.
7. For the purposes of paragraphs 3 and 4 of this article, a Party shall respond expeditiously to a request from another Party to determine whether a vessel that is flying its flag is entitled to do so, and to requests for authorization made pursuant to paragraph 3. At the time of becoming a Party to this Convention, each Party shall designate an authority or, when necessary, authorities to receive and respond to such requests. Such designation shall be notified through the Secretary-General to all other Parties within one month of the designation.
8. A Party which has taken any action in accordance with this article shall promptly inform the flag State concerned of the results of that action.
9. The Parties shall consider entering into bilateral or regional agreements or arrangements to carry out, or to enhance the effectiveness of, the provisions of this article.
10. Action pursuant to paragraph 4 of this article shall be carried out only by warships or military aircraft, or other ships or aircraft clearly marked and identifiable as being on government service and authorized to that effect.
11. Any action taken in accordance with this article shall take due account of the need not to interfere with or affect the rights and obligations and the exercise of jurisdiction of coastal States in accordance with the international law of the sea.
第18條（自由貿易區和自由港）
1.締約國應採取措施，制止在自由貿易區和自由港非法販運麻醉藥品、精神藥物及表一和表二所列物質的活動，這些措施的嚴厲程度不應低於在其領土其他部分採取的措施。
2.締約國應努力：
（a）監測貨物及人員在自由貿易區和自由港的流動情況，並應為此目的，授權主管當局搜查貨物和進出船隻，包括遊艇和漁船以及飛機和車輛，適當時還可搜查乘務人員、旅客及其行李；
（b）建立並實施一套偵測系統以偵測進出自由貿易區和自由港的涉嫌含有麻醉藥品、精神藥物及表一和表二所列物質的貨運；
（c）在自由貿易區和自由港的港口和碼頭區以及機場和邊境檢查站設立並實施監視系統。
Article 18（FREE TRADE ZONES AND FREE PORTS）
1. The Parties shall apply measures to suppress illicit traffic in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II in free trade zones and in free ports that are no less stringent than those applied in other parts of their territories.
2. The Parties shall endeavour：
(a)To monitor the movement of goods and persons in free trade zones and free ports, and, to that end, shall empower the competent authorities to search cargoes and incoming and outgoing vessels, including pleasure craft and fishing vessels, as well as aircraft and vehicles and, when appropriate, to search crew members, passengers and their baggage；
(b)To establish and maintain a system to detect consignments suspected of containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II passing into or out of free trade zones and free ports；
(c)To establish and maintain surveillance systems in harbour and dock areas and at airports and border control points in free trade zones and free ports.
第19條（郵件的利用）
1.締約國應按照其依萬國郵政聯盟各項公約所承擔的義務，並按照其本國法律制度的基本原則，採取措施制止利用郵件進行非法販運，並應為此目的相互合作。
2.本條第1款所述措施應特別包括：
（a）採取協調行動以預防和取締利用郵件進行非法販運；
（b）由經授權的執法人員採用並實施旨在偵測郵件中非法付運的麻醉藥品、精神藥物及表一和表二所列物質的調查和控制技術；
（c）採取立法措施，以便能夠使用適當手段獲得司法程式所需的證據。
Article 19（THE USE OF THE MAILS）
1. In conformity with their obligations under the Conventions of the Universal Postal Union, and in accordance with the basic principles of their domestic legal systems, the Parties shall adopt measures to suppress the use of the mails for illicit traffic and shall co-operate with one another to that end.
2. The measures referred to in paragraph 1 of this article shall include, in particular：
(a)Co-ordinated action for the prevention and repression of the use of the mails for illicit traffic；
(b)Introduction and maintenance by authorized law enforcement personnel of investigative and control techniques designed to detect illicit consignments of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II in the mails；
(c)Legislative measures to enable the use of appropriate means to secure evidence required for judicial proceedings.
第20條（應由締約國提供的情報）
1.締約國應通過秘書長向麻委會提供關於在其領土內執行本公約的情報，特別是：
（a）為實施本公約而頒佈的法律和法規的文本；
（b）在其管轄範圍內發生的非法販運案件中締約國認為因其涉及所發現的新趨勢、所涉及的數量、獲得有關物質的來源或從事非法販運的人使用的手段而具有重要性的案件的詳情。
2.締約國應依照麻委會可能要求的方式和日期提供此種情報。
Article 20（INFORMATION TO BE FURNISHED BY THE PARTIES）
1. The Parties shall furnish, through the Secretary-General, information to the Commission on the working of this Convention in their territories and, in particular：
(a)The text of laws and regulations promulgated in order to give effect to the Convention；
(b)Particulars of cases of illicit traffic within their jurisdiction which they consider important because of new trends disclosed, the quantities involved, the sources from which the substances are obtained, or the methods employed by persons so engaged.
2. The Parties shall furnish such information in such a manner and by such dates as the Commission may request.
第21條（麻委會的職能）
麻委會有權審議關係到本公約目標的所有事項，特別是：
（a）麻委會應根據締約國按第20條規定提交的情報，審查本公約的實施情況；
（b）麻委會可在審查各締約國提供的情報的基礎上，提出具體提議和一般性建議；
（c）麻委會可提請麻管局注意到可能與該局的職能有關的任何事項；
（d）麻委會應對麻管局依照第22條第1款（b）項規定提交其處理的任何事項，採取它認為適當的行動；
（e）麻委會可依照第12條規定的程式修改表一和表二；
（f）麻委會可提請非締約國注意到它根據本公約通過的決定和建議，以期由它們考慮按照這些決定和建議採取行動。
Article 21（FUNCTIONS OF THE COMMISSION）
The Commission is authorized to consider all matters pertaining to the aims of this Convention and, in particular.
(a)The Commission shall, on the basis of the information submitted by the Parties in accordance with article 20, review the operation of this Convention；
(b)The Commission may make suggestions and general recommendations based on the examination of the information received from the Parties；
(c)The Commission may call the attention of the Board to any matters which may be relevant to the functions of the Board；
(d)The Commission shall, on any matter referred to it by the Board under article 22, paragraph 1 b), take such action as it deems appropriate；
(e)The Commission may, in conformity with the procedures laid down in article 12, amend Table I and Table II；
(f)The Commission may draw the attention of non-Parties to decisions and recommendations which it adopts under this Convention, with a view to their considering taking action in accordance therewith.
第22條（麻管局的職能）
1.在不影響第21條規定的麻委會的職能，以及不影響《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》和《1971年公約》規定的麻管局和麻委會的職能的情況下：
（a）如根據其對提交麻管局、秘書長或麻委會的情報以及對聯合國各機構轉交的情報的分析，麻管局有理由認為，在與其職責有關的問題上，本公約的宗旨未獲實現，則麻管局可請某一或某些締約國提供任何有關的情報；
（b）對於第12條、第13條和第16條：
（一）在按照本款（a）項採取行動後，麻管局如認為確有必要，可籲請有關締約國酌情採取為執行本公約第12條、第13條和第16條的規定所必要的補救措施；
（二）麻管局在依照下述(三)目採取行動前，應將其根據上述各項與有關締約國之間的來往函件作為密件處理；
（三）麻管局若發現有關締約國未採取根據本項規定籲請其採取之補救措施，可提請各締約國、理事會及麻委會注意此事項。若有關締約國提出要求，麻管局根據本項發表的任何報告也應載錄該締約國的意見。
2.如麻管局的某次會議將依照本條規定審議某一問題，應邀請與該問題直接有關的任何締約國派代表出席。
3.凡麻管局依照本條規定所通過的決定系未經一致同意者，則少數方面的意見應予敘明。
4.麻管局依照本條作出的決定應以麻管局全體成員三分之二多數同意通過。
5.麻管局依照本條第1款（a）項履行其職能時，應確保其可能掌握的所有情報的機密性。
6.麻管局依照本條所負的責任不適用於締約國之間根據本公約規定所訂條約或協定的執行。
7.本條之規定不應適用於締約國之間屬第32條規定範圍的爭端。
Article 22（FUNCTIONS OF THE BOARD）
1. Without prejudice to the functions of the Commission under article 21, and without prejudice to the functions of the Board and the Commission under the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention：
(a)If, on the basis of its examination of information available to it, to the Secretary-General or to the Commission, or of information communicated by United Nations organs, the Board has reason to believe that the aims of this Convention in matters related to its competence are not being met, the Board may invite a Party or Parties to furnish any relevant information；
(b)With respect to articles 12, 13 and 16：
(i)After taking action under subparagraph a)of this article, the Board if satisfied that it is necessary to do so, may call upon the Party concerned to adopt such remedial measures as shall seem under the circumstances to be necessary for the execution of the provisions of articles 12, 13 and 16；
(ii)Prior to taking action under iii)below, the Board shall treat as confidential its communications with the Party concerned under the preceding subparagraphs；
(iii)If the Board finds that the Party concerned has not taken remedial measures which it has been called upon to take under this subparagraph, it may call the attention of the Parties, the Council and the Commission to the matter. Any report published by the Board under this subparagraph shall also contain the views of the Party concerned if the latter so requests.
2. Any Party shall be invited to be represented at a meeting of the Board at which a question of direct interest to it is to be considered under this article.
3. If in any case a decision of the Board which is adopted under this article is not unanimous, the views of the minority shall be stated.
4. Decisions of the Board under this article shall be taken by a two-thirds majority of the whole number of the Board.
5. In carrying out its functions pursuant to subparagraph 1 a)of this article, the Board shall ensure the confidentiality of all information which may come into its possession.
6. The Board’s responsibility under this article shall not apply to the implementation of treaties or agreements entered into between Parties in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
7. The provisions of this article shall not be applicable to disputes between Parties falling under the provisions of article 32.
第23條（麻管局的報告）
1.麻管局應編寫年度工作報告，報告中應載有對其所掌握資料的分析，並酌情載述締約國提出的或要求它們作出的解釋，連同麻管局希望提出的任何看法和建議。麻管局還可提出其認為必要的其他報告。報告應通過麻委會提交理事會，但麻委會可作出其認為合適的評論。
2.麻管局的報告應轉送各締約國，並應隨後由秘書長予發表。各締約國應允許分發此種報告的範圍不受限制。
Article 23（REPORTS OF THE BOARD）
1. The Board shall prepare an annual report on its work containing an analysis of the information at its disposal and, in appropriate cases, an account of the explanations, if any, given by or required of Parties, together with any observations and recommendations which the Board desires to make. The Board may make such additional reports as it considers necessary. The reports shall be submitted to the Council through the Commission which may make such comments as it sees fit.
2. The reports of the Board shall be communicated to the Parties and subsequently published by the Secretary-General. The Parties shall permit their unrestricted distribution.
第24條（執行較本公約規定更為嚴格的措施）
締約國可採取較本公約規定更為嚴格或嚴厲的措施，如果它認為這種措施對防止或制止非法販運是可取的或必要的。
Article 24（APPLICATION OF STRICTER MEASURES THAN THOSE REQUIRED BY THIS CONVENTION）
A Party may adopt more strict or severe measures than those provided by this Convention if, in its opinion, such measures are desirable or necessary for the prevention or suppression of illicit traffic.
第25條（不減損先前的條約權利和義務）
本公約各項規定概不減損本公約締約國依《1961年公約》、經修正的《1961年公約》和《1971年公約》享有的任何權利或承擔的任何義務。
Article 25（NON-DEROGATION FROM EARLIER TREATY RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS）
The provisions of this Convention shall not derogate from any rights enjoyed or obligations undertaken by Parties to this Convention under the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention.
第26條（簽字）
本公約應於1988年12月20日至1989年2月28日在聯合國維也納辦事處，隨後直至1989年12月20日在紐約聯合國總部向下列各方開放供簽字：
（a）所有國家；
（b）納米比亞，由聯合國納米比亞理事會代表；
（c）在本公約所涉事項中有職權進行談判、締結和執行國際協定的區域經濟一體化組織。本公約中凡提到締約國、國家或國家部門之處，亦適用於這些組織，但以其職權範圍為限。
Article 26（SIGNATURE）
This Convention shall be open for signature at the United Nations Office at Vienna, from 20 December 1988 to 28 February 1989, and thereafter at the Headquarters of the United Nations at New York, until 20 December 1989, by：
(a)All States；
(b)Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia；
(c)Regional economic integration organizations which have competence in respect of the negotiation, conclusion and application of international agreements in matters covered by this Convention, references under the Convention to Parties, States or national services being applicable to these organizations within the limits of their competence.
第27條（批准、接受、核准或正式確認）
1.本公約須經各國和由聯合國納米比亞理事會代表的納米比亞批准、接受或核准並須經第26條（c）項所述的區域經濟一體化組織正式確認。批准書、接受書或核准書和有關正式確認行為的文書應交聯合國秘書長保存。
2.區域經濟一體化組織在其正式確認書中應宣佈它們對於本公約所涉事項的職權範圍。這些組織還應將其對於本公約所涉事項的職權範圍的任何更改通知秘書長。
Article 27（RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL OR ACT OF FORMAL CONFIRMATION）
1. This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States and by Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia, and to acts of formal confirmation by regional economic integration organizations referred to in article 26, subparagraph c). The instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval and those relating to acts of formal confirmation shall be deposited with the Secretary-General.
2. In their instruments of formal confirmation, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by this Convention. These organizations shall also inform the Secretary-General of any modification in the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by the Convention.
第28條（加入）
1.本公約應一直開放供任何國家、由聯合國納米比亞理事會代表的納米比亞以及第26條（c）項所指的區域經濟一體化組織加入。加入應在加入書交存於聯合國秘書長後生效。
2.各區域經濟一體化組織在其加入書中應宣佈它們對於本公約所涉事項的職權範圍。這些組織還應將其對於本公約所涉事項的職權範圍的任何更改通知秘書長。
Article 28（ACCESSION）
1. This Convention shall remain open for accession by any State, by Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia, and by regional economic integration organizations referred to in article 26, subparagraph c). Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Secretary-General.
2. In their instruments of accession, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by this Convention. These organizations shall also inform the Secretary-General of any modification in the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by the Convention.
第29條（生效）
1.本公約應自第二十份由國家或由聯合國納米比亞理事會代表的納米比亞提出的批准書、接受書、核准書或加入書交存於聯合國秘書長後第九十天起生效。
2.對於在第二十份批准書、接受書、核准書或加入書交存後批准、接受、核准或加入公約的每一國家或由納米比亞理事會代表的納米比亞，本公約應自其批准書、接受書、核准書或加入書交存之後第九十天起生效。
3.對於交存正式確認書或加入書的第26條（c）項所指每一區域經濟一體化組織，本公約應自交存後第九十天起生效，或自本公約依據本條第1款生效之日起生效，這兩個日期以較後的一個為准。
Article 29（ENTRY INTO FORCE）
1. This Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of the deposit with the Secretary-General of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession by States or by Namibia, represented by the Council for Namibia.
2. For each State or for Namibia, represented by the Council for Namibia, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to this Convention after the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
3. For each regional economic integration organization referred to in article 26, subparagraph c)depositing an instrument relating to an act of formal confirmation or an instrument of accession, this Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after such deposit, or at the date the Convention enters into force pursuant to paragraph l of this article, whichever is later.
第30條（退約）
1.任一締約國可隨時向秘書長髮出書面通知，宣告退出本公約。
2.此種退約應自秘書長接獲通知之日起一年後對該有關締約國生效。
Article 30（DENUNCIATION）
1. A Party may denounce this Convention at any time by a written notification addressed to the Secretary-General.
2. Such denunciation shall take effect for the Party concerned one year after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary-General.
第31條（修正）
1.任何締約國均可對本公約提出修正案。此項修正案及修正之理由應由該締約國送交秘書長轉致其他締約國並詢問是否接受所提修正案。如經分發的提議修正案在分發生十八個月後未為任何締約國所反對，即應認為修正案已被接受並應於某一締約國將其表示同意受該修正案約束的文書交存於秘書長之後九十天即對該締約國生效。
2.如所提議的修正案為任何締約國所反對，秘書長應與各締約國進行磋商，如有多數締約國要求，秘書長還應將此事項連同締約國提出的任何評論提交理事會，由其決定是否根據聯合國憲章第62條第4款召開一次會議。此次會議產生的任何修正案應載入一項修正議定書內。如同意受該項議定書約束，應特別向秘書長作此表示。
Article 31（AMENDMENTS）
1. Any Party may propose an amendment to this Convention. The text of any such amendment and the reasons therefor shall be communicated by that Party to the Secretary-General, who shall communicate it to the other Parties and shall ask them whether they accept the proposed amendment. If a proposed amendment so circulated has not been rejected by any Party within twenty-four months after it has been circulated, it shall be deemed to have been accepted and shall enter into force in respect of a Party ninety days after that Party has deposited with the Secretary-General an instrument expressing its consent to be bound by that amendment.
2. If a proposed amendment has been rejected by any Party, the Secretary-General shall consult with the Parties and, if a majority so requests, he shall bring the matter, together with any comments made by the Parties, before the Council which may decide to call a conference in accordance with Article 62, paragraph 4, of the Charter of the United Nations. Any amendment resulting from such a Conference shall be embodied in a Protocol of Amendment. Consent to be bound by such a Protocol shall be required to be expressed specifically to the Secretary-General.
第32條（爭端的解決）
1.如有兩個或兩上以上締約國對本公約之解釋或適用發生爭執。這些締約國應彼此協商，以期通過談判、調查、調停、和解、仲裁、訴諸區域機構、司法程式或其自行選擇的其他和平方式解決爭端。
2.任何此種爭端如不能以第1款所規定之方式解決者，則應在發生爭端的任何一個締約國提出要求時提交國際法院裁決。
3.如某一第26條（c）項所述的區域經濟一體化組織為不能以本條第1款所規定方式解決之爭端的當事方，該組織可通過聯合國某一會員國請求理事會徵求國際法院根據國際法院規約第65條提出諮詢意見，此項諮詢意見應視為裁決意見。
4.各締約國在簽署或批准、接受或核准本公約或加入本公約時，或各區域經濟一體化組織在簽署或交存正式確認或加入的一份文書時，可聲明其並不認為自己受本條第2及第3款之約束。其他締約國對於作出了此項聲明的任何締約國，不應受本第2及第3款之約束。
5.根據本條第4款規定作出了聲明的任何締約國，可隨時通知秘書長撤銷該項聲明。
Article 32（SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES）
1. If there should arise between two or more Parties a dispute relating to the interpretation or application of this Convention, the Parties shall consult together with a view to the settlement of the dispute by negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, recourse to regional bodies, judicial process or other peaceful means of their own choice.
2. Any such dispute which cannot be settled in the manner prescribed in paragraph 1 of this article shall be referred, at the request of any one of the States Parties to the dispute, to the International Court of Justice for decision.
3. If a regional economic integration organization referred to in article 26, subparagraph c)is a Party to a dispute which cannot be settled in the manner prescribed in paragraph 1 of this article, it may, through a State Member of the United Nations, request the Council to request an advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice in accordance with Article 65 of the Statute of the Court, which opinion shall be regarded as decisive.
4. Each State, at the time of signature or ratification, acceptance or approval of this Convention or accession thereto, or each regional economic integration organization, at the time of signature or deposit of an act of formal confirmation or accession, may declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article. The other Parties shall not be bound by paragraphs 2 and 3 with respect to any Party having made such a declaration.
5. Any Party having made a declaration in accordance with paragraph 4 of this article may at any time withdraw the declaration by notification to the Secretary-General.
第33條（作準文本）
本公約之阿拉伯文、中文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文文本均同樣為作準文本。
Article 33（AUTHENTIC TEXTS）
The Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts of this Convention are equally authentic.
第34條（保存人）
秘書長應為本公約保存人。
茲由下列經正式授權之代表在本公約下簽字，以昭信守。
具原件一份，1988年12月20日訂於維也納。
Article 34（DEPOSITARY）
The Secretary-General shall be the depositary of this Convention.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have signed this Convention.
DONE AT VIENNA, in one original, this twentieth day of December one thousand nine hundred and eighty-eight.
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